College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
College of Water Conservancy, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Apr;28(14):17457-17467. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-12131-x. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) is generally colonized in plant roots and influences the migration of mineral elements such as nitrogen (N) in soils. However, its effect on N leaching loss in red soils is limited. In the present study, red soils were collected from wasteland, farmland, and slopeland in the Yunnan Plateau. Maize, as a host plant, was cultured in a dual-compartment cultivation system. There were mycorrhizal and hyphal compartments for the AMF inoculation treatment and root and soil compartments for the non-inoculation treatment. The N concentration and uptake in maize, N concentration in pore water within two depth (0-20 and 20-40 cm), and N leaching losses from soil under simulated heavy rainfall (40 and 80 mm/h) were analyzed. Results showed that AMF inoculation significantly enhanced the biomass and N uptake in maize. Compared with the root and soil compartments, the N concentrations in pore water and their leaching losses from the mycorrhizal and hyphal compartments were decreased by 48-77% and 51-74%, respectively. Moreover, significant or extremely significantly positive correlations were observed between the N concentrations in pore water with the N leaching losses from soil. The three-way ANOVA showed that AMF highly significantly decreased N concentrations in pore water and their leaching losses from wasteland, farmland, and slopeland; rainfall intensity had strong influences on the N concentration in pore water from farmland and N leaching losses from wasteland and farmland, whereas the maize root's effect was insignificant. The study indicated that the AMF-induced decreases in the N leaching loss from red soils were caused by increased N uptake by maize and decreased N concentrations in pore water. These results have implications for reducing nutrient leaching loss through the management of beneficial microorganisms in soils.
丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）通常定殖在植物根系中，并影响土壤中氮（N）等矿物质元素的迁移。然而，其对红壤中 N 淋失损失的影响有限。本研究采集了云南高原荒地、农田和坡地的红壤。玉米作为宿主植物，在双室培养系统中进行培养。有丛枝菌根和菌丝室用于 AMF 接种处理，以及根和土壤室用于非接种处理。分析了玉米中的 N 浓度和吸收量、两个深度（0-20 和 20-40 cm）内的孔隙水中的 N 浓度以及模拟强降雨（40 和 80 mm/h）下土壤中的 N 淋失损失。结果表明，AMF 接种显著增强了玉米的生物量和 N 吸收。与根和土壤室相比，孔隙水中的 N 浓度及其从丛枝菌根和菌丝室的淋失损失分别降低了 48-77%和 51-74%。此外，孔隙水中的 N 浓度与土壤中 N 淋失损失之间存在显著或极显著的正相关关系。三因素方差分析表明，AMF 极显著降低了荒地、农田和坡地中孔隙水中的 N 浓度及其淋失损失；降雨强度对农田中孔隙水中的 N 浓度和荒地及农田中 N 的淋失损失有强烈影响，而玉米根的影响不显著。研究表明，AMF 通过增加玉米对 N 的吸收和降低孔隙水中的 N 浓度，减少了红壤中 N 的淋失损失。这些结果为通过管理土壤中的有益微生物来减少养分淋失损失提供了依据。
