Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Jianshui Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering of the Ministry of Education，Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Jianshui Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering of the Ministry of Education，Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Jan 15;208:111582. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111582. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
In recent years, heavy metal pollution has caused immeasurable harm to the environment. As an emerging technology, phytoremediation technology has gained a place in the treatment of heavy metal pollution with its unique advantages. This study analyzes the toxic effects of mulberry (Morus alba) seeds, seedling growth and silkworm under heavy metal stress of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), and explore the accumulation and migration of Pb and Cd in the soil-mulberry tree-silkworm system. The main results were as follows: (1) Seed germination and potted seedling experiments were conducted under heavy metal Pb and Cd stresses, and it was found that Pb and Cd had inhibitory effects on mulberry seed germination, growth and photosynthesis of mulberry seedlings, and as the concentration of heavy metals increased, the stronger the inhibitory effect. Moreover, Pb and Cd have a synergistic effect under compound stress. (2) The accumulation and transfer rules of Pb and Cd ions in mulberry were different. The content of Pb in mulberry was root > leaf > stem and the content of Cd was root > stem > leaf. The combined stress promoted the transfer of Pb and Cd from the underground part to the aerial portion of mulberry. (3) The silkworm feeds on mulberry leaves contaminated with heavy metals in this experiment and found that: with the increase of silkworm feeding, the heavy metal content in the silkworm body increased significantly, but the content remained in the silkworm body was less, most of it was excreted with silkworm excrement. Combined stress has no significant effect on the detoxification mechanism of silkworm. It is indispensable to think of the synergistic effect of heavy metals on plants germination when seeds are used for phytoremediation.
近年来，重金属污染对环境造成了不可估量的危害。植物修复技术作为一种新兴技术，以其独特的优势在重金属污染治理中占有一席之地。本研究分析了重金属铅（Pb）和镉（Cd）胁迫下桑树种子、幼苗生长和家蚕的毒性效应，并探讨了 Pb 和 Cd 在土壤-桑树-家蚕系统中的积累和迁移。主要结果如下：（1）在重金属 Pb 和 Cd 胁迫下进行种子萌发和盆栽幼苗试验，发现 Pb 和 Cd 对桑树种子萌发、幼苗生长和光合作用有抑制作用，且随着重金属浓度的增加，抑制作用越强。此外，重金属复合胁迫具有协同作用。（2）Pb 和 Cd 离子在桑树上的积累和迁移规律不同。桑树中 Pb 的含量为根＞叶＞茎，Cd 的含量为根＞茎＞叶。复合胁迫促进了 Pb 和 Cd 从地下部分向桑树地上部分的转移。（3）本实验中家蚕以食用受重金属污染的桑叶为食，发现：随着家蚕取食量的增加，家蚕体内重金属含量显著增加，但残留在体内的含量较少，大部分随蚕粪排出。复合胁迫对家蚕解毒机制没有明显影响。在利用种子进行植物修复时，必须考虑重金属对植物萌发的协同作用。
