Department of Applied Mechanics, IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE.
Molecules. 2020 Dec 30;26(1):138. doi: 10.3390/molecules26010138.
This paper aims to estimate the enhancement in the energy absorption characteristics of the glass fiber reinforced composites (GFRP) by embedding prestrained pseudo-elastic shape memory alloy (SMA) that was used as a secondary reinforcement. The pseudo-elastic SMA (PE-SMA) embedded were in the form of wires and have an equiatomic composition (i.e., 50%-50%) of nickel (Ni) and titanium (Ti). These specimens are fabricated using a vacuum-assisted resin infusion process. The estimation is done for the GFRP and SMA/GFRP specimens at four different impact velocities (65, 75, 85, and 103 m/s) using a gas-gun impact set-up. At all different impact velocities, the failure modes change as we switch from GFRP to SMA/GFRP specimen. In the SMA/GFRP specimen, the failure mode changed from delamination in the primary region to SMA-pull out and SMA deformation. This leads to an increase in the ballistic limit. It is observed that energy absorbed by SMA/GFRP specimens is higher than the GFRP specimens subjected to the same levels of impact energy. To understand the damping capabilities of SMA embedment, vibration signals are captured, and the damping ratio is calculated. SMA dampens the vibrations imparted by the projectile to the specimen. The damping ratio of the SMA/GFRP specimens is higher than the GFRP specimens. The damping effect is more prominent below the ballistic limit when the projectile got rebounded (65 m/s).
本文旨在通过嵌入预拉伸伪弹性形状记忆合金（SMA）作为二次增强来评估玻璃纤维增强复合材料（GFRP）的能量吸收特性的提高。嵌入的伪弹性 SMA（PE-SMA）呈线材形式，具有等原子组成（即 50%-50%）的镍（Ni）和钛（Ti）。这些样品是使用真空辅助树脂灌注工艺制造的。使用气动枪冲击装置在四种不同的冲击速度（65、75、85 和 103 m/s）下对 GFRP 和 SMA/GFRP 样品进行了估计。在所有不同的冲击速度下，随着从 GFRP 切换到 SMA/GFRP 样品，失效模式发生了变化。在 SMA/GFRP 样品中，失效模式从主要区域的分层转变为 SMA 拔出和 SMA 变形。这导致弹道极限增加。观察到 SMA/GFRP 样品吸收的能量高于承受相同冲击能量的 GFRP 样品。为了了解 SMA 嵌入的阻尼能力，捕获了振动信号并计算了阻尼比。SMA 阻尼了射弹传递给样品的振动。SMA/GFRP 样品的阻尼比高于 GFRP 样品。当射弹反弹（65 m/s）时，在弹道极限以下，阻尼效果更为明显。
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