Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2021 Mar;25(1):73-81. doi: 10.1080/13651501.2020.1862235. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
The aims of this study were to assess the impact of seasonal pattern on several clinical dimensions in inpatients with a current major depressive episode and to evaluate clinical differences between unipolar and bipolar depression according to seasonal pattern.
Study participants were 300 patients affected by major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD) currently experiencing a major depressive episode (MDE) and were recruited at three University Medical Centres in Italy. All study subjects completed several evaluation scales for depressive and hypomanic symptoms, quality of life and functioning, impulsiveness, and seasonal pattern.
Several differences between BD with and without seasonal pattern, MDD with and without seasonal pattern but in particular between BD and MDD with seasonal pattern were found. Patients with MDE with seasonal pattern had more frequently received a longitudinal diagnosis of BD.
A large number of patients with BD and seasonal pattern, but also a considerable number of patients with MDD and seasonal pattern, endorsed manic items during a current MDE. Seasonal pattern should be associated with a concept of bipolarity in mood disorders and not only related to bipolar disorder. A correct identification of seasonal patterns may lead to the implementation of personalised pharmacological treatment approaches.KEY POINTSHigh prevalence of mixed features in mood disorders with seasonal pattern, supporting the need for a dimensional approach to major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.Significant percentage of patients with a primary diagnosis of major depressive disorder had seasonal pattern.Significant percentage of patients with a primary diagnosis of major depressive disorder reported (hypo)manic symptomatology.
本研究旨在评估季节模式对当前重性抑郁发作住院患者若干临床维度的影响，并根据季节模式评估单相和双相抑郁的临床差异。
研究参与者为 300 名患有重性抑郁障碍（MDD）或双相障碍（BD）且目前正经历重性抑郁发作（MDE）的患者，他们均来自意大利的三家大学医疗中心。所有研究对象均完成了多项评估量表，包括抑郁和轻躁狂症状、生活质量和功能、冲动性以及季节模式。
研究发现了 BD 伴或不伴季节模式、MDD 伴或不伴季节模式但特别是 BD 和 MDD 伴季节模式之间的几个差异。有季节性模式的 MDE 患者更频繁地接受过 BD 的纵向诊断。
大量 BD 伴季节性模式的患者，以及相当数量的 MDD 伴季节性模式的患者，在当前的 MDE 期间出现了躁狂症状。季节模式应与心境障碍中的双相概念相关联，而不仅仅与双相障碍相关联。正确识别季节模式可能会导致实施个性化的药物治疗方法。
伴季节性模式的心境障碍中混合特征的高患病率，支持对重性抑郁障碍和双相障碍采用维度方法。有原发性诊断为重性抑郁障碍的患者中有相当大的比例存在季节性模式。有原发性诊断为重性抑郁障碍的患者报告了（轻躁狂）症状。
