CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Dec;28(45):63815-63828. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-11904-8. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
Rare information on the seafood safety and the coastal water-food-energy nexus sustainability in terms of seafood safety is available. This study investigated the distribution of heavy metals in 3 kinds of seafood (bivalve molluscs, fish, and crustaceans) collected from coastal areas along the 18,000 km coastline of China. Risk assessment and source apportionment of heavy metals, and the coastal water-food-energy nexus sustainability in terms of heavy metal pollution were also performed. The results showed that total concentrations of 8 heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Hg, As, and Ni) in seafood varied with sampling sites and species by following the order of bivalve molluscs > crustaceans > fish. Estimated daily intake (EDI) analysis indicated that it was safe for humans to consume seafood in all sampling sites. Non-cancer risks posed by heavy metals were acceptable for 99.1% of adult and 97.7% of children. However, Cr and As in 72% of fish samples caused high cancer risks for children. The farmed fish posed relatively low risk in comparison with the wild fish suggested that it might be safer to consume farmed fish than wild fish. Source apportionment demonstrated that the fossil energy consumption (coal combustion and vehicle exhaust), seawater, and metallurgic dust might serve as the possible main sources of heavy metals in seafood. Based on the policy scenario analysis, the fossil-energy-controlling policy and clean coastal water action were beneficial to the seafood safety by reducing target heavy metals in seafood. These findings provided comprehensive information on seafood safety and the water-food-energy nexus sustainability in coastal regions at continental-scale in terms of heavy metal pollution.
关于海鲜安全和沿海水-食物-能源关系可持续性的稀有信息是可用的。本研究调查了从中国沿海 18000 公里海岸线沿岸地区采集的 3 种海鲜（双壳贝类、鱼类和甲壳类动物）中重金属的分布情况。还进行了重金属的风险评估和来源分配，以及重金属污染方面的沿海水-食物-能源关系可持续性。结果表明，8 种重金属（Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg、As 和 Ni）在海鲜中的总浓度随采样地点和种类的不同而变化，顺序为双壳贝类>甲壳类动物>鱼类。估计每日摄入量（EDI）分析表明，在所有采样地点，人类食用海鲜是安全的。重金属造成的非癌症风险对 99.1%的成年人和 97.7%的儿童是可以接受的。然而，鱼类样本中 72%的 Cr 和 As 对儿童造成了高癌症风险。养殖鱼类比野生鱼类的风险相对较低，这表明食用养殖鱼类可能比食用野生鱼类更安全。来源分配表明，化石能源消耗（煤炭燃烧和汽车尾气）、海水和冶金粉尘可能是海鲜中重金属的主要来源。基于政策情景分析，控制化石能源和清洁沿海水域的政策有利于通过减少海鲜中目标重金属来保障海鲜安全。这些发现为重金属污染方面的沿海地区海鲜安全和水-食物-能源关系可持续性提供了全面的信息。
