CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Jan 15;208:111768. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111768. Epub 2020 Dec 10.
Scallops are one of the most common bivalves, large-scale farmed in the coastal areas of China. Three species of scallops (Chlamys farreri, Argopecten irradians and Patinopecten yessoensis) from 10 samples sites along the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea were collected to investigate species-specific and tissues-specific bioaccumulation, spatial-temporal distribution and health risks for people. Cd must be paid attention since Cd concentrations in 96% of scallop samples exceeded standard with the highest Cd bioaccumulation potentials (BCF) >10,000 while those of the other metals were less than the corresponding limits except Zn with exceeding-limit percentage of 13%. The metal pollution index values showed that A. irradians could accumulate more metals than the other two species, and scallops in the Bohai Sea were polluted more seriously by heavy metals than in the Yellow Sea. The capacities of tissues in scallops to accumulate metals generally followed the order of digestive gland > gill > adductor muscle. However, Zn accumulated in gill was more than that in digestive gland and muscle. Adults and children would face the non-cancer risks because of the accumulation Cd in scallops based on health risk assessment. Cd was the major contributor of health risk to account for 85% of total hazard quotient and 48% of total cancer risk. Scallops could accumulate Cd rapidly from ambient environments to cause health risks according to the transplantation test. Moreover, the recommended maximum edible amounts of whole scallops were 127/63 g/week for adult/children on the basis of the provisional tolerance weekly intake. Humans are recommended to only consume adductor muscles for reducing health risks.
扇贝是最常见的双壳贝类之一，在中国沿海地区大规模养殖。本研究从渤海和黄海的 10 个采样点采集了 3 种扇贝（海湾扇贝、虾夷扇贝和栉孔扇贝），以调查物种特异性和组织特异性的生物积累、时空分布和对人类的健康风险。由于 96%的扇贝样本中 Cd 浓度超过标准，最高 Cd 生物积累潜力（BCF）>10000，而其他金属的浓度均低于相应的限量，只有 Zn 的超标率为 13%，因此必须注意 Cd。金属污染指数值表明，A. irradians 比其他两种物种能积累更多的金属，而渤海的扇贝受重金属污染比黄海更严重。扇贝组织积累金属的能力一般遵循消化腺>鳃>闭壳肌的顺序，但鳃中积累的 Zn 多于消化腺和肌肉。基于健康风险评估，由于扇贝中 Cd 的积累，成人和儿童都面临非癌症风险。Cd 是健康风险的主要贡献者，占总危害系数的 85%和总癌症风险的 48%。根据移植试验，扇贝可以从环境中快速积累 Cd 并导致健康风险。此外，基于暂定每周耐受摄入量，建议成年人/儿童每周食用整个扇贝的最高限量分别为 127/63g。建议人类只食用闭壳肌，以降低健康风险。
