良好的沟通技巧还不够 - 儿童保健诊所和学校卫生服务中的心理健康问题的能力。
Good interaction skills are not enough - competency in mental health issues in child health clinics and school health services.
机构信息
Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
出版信息
Scand J Caring Sci. 2021 Sep;35(3):988-997. doi: 10.1111/scs.12956. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
BACKGROUND
Mental health problems among children and adolescents are a worldwide issue of concern. Health professionals who have sufficient competency in mental health issues are crucial for responding to this situation.
AIM
The aim of the study was to describe the competency in mental health issues required by the work of public health nurses in child health clinics and school health services.
METHODS
This qualitative, descriptive study was conducted with focus group interviews in March 2018. The sample consisted of public health nurses (n = 24) who were working in child health clinics or school health services in Finland. The data were analysed using inductive and deductive content analysis.
RESULTS
The competency in mental health issues required by the work of public health nurses was formulated from the identified strengths and topics required in continuing education. In total, 18 competencies were identified as covering mental health promotion, as well as the alleviation and treatment of symptoms and disorders. Intuitive and interpersonal competency was identified as the main strength of public health nurses. The theoretical and evidence-based competency regarding mental health issues was identified as a main topic needed in continuing education.
CONCLUSION
Public health nurses in child health clinics and school health services need competency in mental health issues for the promotion of mental health, the alleviation of symptoms and treatment of disorders. The results indicate that good interactional skills are not enough: the current competency of public health nurses in mental health issues is insufficient and does not meet the requirements of the work. The results were consistent with existing knowledge, but also provide a more comprehensive and precise insight into the current situation. In the future, the results should be verified with more studies. There is also a need for intervention studies aiming to improve competency in mental health issues.
背景
儿童和青少年的心理健康问题是一个全球性的问题。能够胜任心理健康问题的卫生专业人员对于应对这种情况至关重要。
目的
本研究旨在描述儿童健康诊所和学校卫生服务中的公共卫生护士在工作中所需的心理健康问题的能力。
方法
这是一项定性描述性研究，于 2018 年 3 月进行了焦点小组访谈。样本由在芬兰的儿童健康诊所或学校卫生服务工作的公共卫生护士（n=24）组成。使用归纳和演绎内容分析对数据进行分析。
结果
公共卫生护士工作所需的心理健康问题能力是从继续教育中确定的优势和所需主题中推导出来的。总共确定了 18 项能力，涵盖了心理健康促进以及症状和障碍的缓解和治疗。直觉和人际交往能力被认为是公共卫生护士的主要优势。心理健康问题的理论和基于证据的能力被确定为继续教育中需要的主要主题。
结论
儿童健康诊所和学校卫生服务中的公共卫生护士需要具备心理健康问题的能力，以促进心理健康、缓解症状和治疗障碍。研究结果表明，良好的互动技能是不够的：目前公共卫生护士在心理健康问题方面的能力不足，无法满足工作的要求。结果与现有知识一致，但也提供了对现状更全面和更准确的了解。未来，还需要进行更多的研究来验证这些结果。还需要进行干预研究，以提高心理健康问题的能力。
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