Chaechi Nosrati M R, Shemshadi B, Shayan P, Ranjbar Bahadory Sh, Eslami A
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Arch Razi Inst. 2021 Jan;75(4):463-471. doi: 10.22092/ari.2019.127291.1383. Epub 2021 Jan 1.
Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most common foodborne protozoan parasite causing congenital infection, abortion, and stillbirth in humans and animals. The temperate and humid climate is one of the most important factors in the high prevalence of T. gondii. Sheep are among the important sources of meat production in Guilan province, Iran. Therefore, the consumption of raw and half-cooked meat is one of the major risk factors for T. gondii infection. Toxoplasmosis in patients with intact immune systems is usually asymptomatic; however, it but can be life-threatening in patients with a weak immune system (for example, patients with the human immunodeficiency viruses/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or cancer and transplant recipients). Guilan is divided into three geographical regions of plains with a temperate climatic condition, hillsides with a semi-humid climate, and heights with cold mountainous climate. Climate situations play a role in the prevalence of toxoplasmosis. The present study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among sheep in Guilan province, north of Iran. In the current cross-sectional study, a total of 400 sheep sera samples were tested for the determination of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody against T. gondii using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The samples were divided into different groups according to the geographical location and animal age. T. gondii antibody (i.e., IgG) was detected in 166 sheep (41.5%). The highest frequency of T. gondii infection (72.7%; n=56) was observed for the age group of > 4 years; the difference was statistically significant in this regard (P=0.0001) in comparison to that reported for other groups. In addition, the seroprevalence of T. gondii was significantly higher in the plains (53.9%) than that of the hillsides and heights (P=0.0001). Consequently, the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in Guilan was high indicating a significant relationship with geographical location and animal age.
刚地弓形虫是最常见的食源性原生动物寄生虫之一，可导致人类和动物的先天性感染、流产和死产。温和湿润的气候是弓形虫高流行率的最重要因素之一。绵羊是伊朗吉兰省重要的肉类生产来源之一。因此，食用生肉和半熟肉是弓形虫感染的主要危险因素之一。免疫系统健全的患者感染弓形虫通常无症状；然而，在免疫系统较弱的患者（例如，人类免疫缺陷病毒/获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者、癌症患者和移植受者）中，弓形虫感染可能会危及生命。吉兰省分为三个地理区域，即气候温和的平原地区、半湿润气候的山坡地区和寒冷山区气候的高地地区。气候状况在弓形虫病的流行中起作用。本研究旨在调查伊朗北部吉兰省绵羊中弓形虫感染的血清流行率。在当前的横断面研究中，总共检测了400份绵羊血清样本，使用酶联免疫吸附测定法测定针对弓形虫的免疫球蛋白G（IgG）抗体。根据地理位置和动物年龄将样本分为不同组。在166只绵羊（41.5%）中检测到弓形虫抗体（即IgG）。年龄大于4岁的组弓形虫感染频率最高（72.7%；n = 56）；与其他组相比，在这方面差异具有统计学意义（P = 0.0001）。此外，平原地区弓形虫的血清流行率（53.9%）明显高于山坡地区和高地地区（P = 0.0001）。因此，吉兰省弓形虫感染的血清流行率很高，表明与地理位置和动物年龄存在显著关系。
