精神疾病与枪支暴力：研究与政策选择。

Mental Illness and Gun Violence: Research and Policy Options.

机构信息

Ronald S. Honberg, J.D., M.Ed., is the former National Director of Policy and Legal Affairs at the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) and is currently a consultant on mental health law and policy. He has extensive experience working on issues at the intersection of law, public policy, and mental health, including strategies for achieving proper balance between preventing firearms violence while protecting the civil rights of persons with mental illnesses.

出版信息

J Law Med Ethics. 2020 Dec;48(4_suppl):137-141. doi: 10.1177/1073110520979414.

DOI:10.1177/1073110520979414

PMID:33404306

Abstract

This article provides an overview of current knowledge about the relationship between mental illness, violence, homicides, and suicides, with a view towards crafting sensible public policy options for reducing gun violence towards self or others. With this knowledge as a backdrop, the limitations of the federal National Instant Background Check System (NICS) as both over-inclusive and under-inclusive in identifying people with mental illness who pose potential risks are discussed. Finally, the article describes emerging approaches for identifying and removing firearms from persons who pose potential risks of gun violence towards self or others, including Extreme Risk Protection Orders ("Red Flag Laws") and other options.

摘要

本文概述了目前关于精神疾病、暴力、凶杀和自杀之间关系的知识，以期制定明智的公共政策选择，以减少针对自己或他人的枪支暴力。在此知识背景下，讨论了联邦国家即时背景调查系统（NICS）在识别有精神疾病且可能构成潜在风险的人时存在过度包容和包容不足的局限性。最后，本文描述了识别和从可能对自己或他人构成枪支暴力风险的人手中移除枪支的新方法，包括极端风险保护令（“红旗法”）和其他选择。