靶向胰腺腺泡细胞癌中的 NTRK 融合基因:病例报告及文献复习。

Targeting the NTRK Fusion Gene in Pancreatic Acinar Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

机构信息

1Department of Medicine, and.

2Department of Pharmacy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York.

出版信息

J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2021 Jan 6;19(1):10-15. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2020.7641.

Abstract

Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC) is a rare pancreatic exocrine malignancy. Compared with the more common pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), PACC is more common in younger White men, has earlier stages and a lower mean age (56 vs 70 years) at the time of presentation, and has a better prognosis. In addition to differences in demographic, histologic, and clinical characteristics, PACC has a genomic profile distinct from PDAC, with only rare mutations in TP53, KRAS, and p16 that are commonly found in PDAC. This case report presents a man aged 81 years who presented with a pancreatic body mass with peripancreatic lymph node enlargement. Biopsy of the mass showed acinar cell carcinoma. The patient underwent upfront surgical resection, followed by one cycle of adjuvant gemcitabine, with stoppage of therapy due to poor tolerance. Lower-dose gemcitabine was reintroduced after disease progression 6 months later. Nab-paclitaxel was added to gemcitabine after 6 cycles because of a continued increase in the size of peripancreatic lymph nodes. Combination chemotherapy was stopped after 4 cycles because of further disease progression with new liver metastasis. Molecular testing showed the presence of an SEL1L-NTRK1 fusion. Targeted therapy was started with the oral neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK) inhibitor larotrectinib at a dosage of 100 mg twice daily. At the time of writing, the patient has been on therapy for 13 months with an exceptional radiographic response and has not experienced any grade 3 adverse effects. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical report of an NTRK gene fusion in a patient with PACC. This case study highlights the significance of tumor molecular profiling in patients with pancreatic tumors, especially rare histologies.

摘要

胰腺腺泡细胞癌(PACC)是一种罕见的胰腺外分泌恶性肿瘤。与更为常见的胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)相比,PACC 更常见于年轻的白人男性,其在就诊时的分期更早,平均年龄更低(56 岁 vs 70 岁),且预后更好。除了在人口统计学、组织学和临床特征方面存在差异外,PACC 的基因组图谱与 PDAC 不同,仅罕见存在 TP53、KRAS 和 p16 突变,而这些突变在 PDAC 中很常见。本病例报告介绍了一位 81 岁男性,因胰腺体肿块伴胰周淋巴结肿大就诊。肿块活检显示为腺泡细胞癌。患者接受了 upfront 手术切除,随后接受了一个周期的辅助吉西他滨治疗,但由于耐受性差而停止了治疗。6 个月后疾病进展后重新引入了低剂量吉西他滨。由于胰周淋巴结大小持续增大,在 6 个周期后加用 nab-紫杉醇联合吉西他滨。由于进一步疾病进展伴新的肝转移,联合化疗在 4 个周期后停止。分子检测显示存在 SEL1L-NTRK1 融合。开始口服神经生长因子 tropomyosin 受体激酶(NTRK)抑制剂 larotrectinib 进行靶向治疗,剂量为 100 mg,每日两次。在撰写本文时,患者已经接受治疗 13 个月,影像学反应出色,未出现任何 3 级不良反应。据我们所知,这是首例 PACC 患者存在 NTRK 基因融合的临床报告。本病例研究强调了对胰腺肿瘤患者进行肿瘤分子谱分析的重要性,尤其是对罕见组织学类型的肿瘤。

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