Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
Centre of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Ann Biomed Eng. 2021 Jun;49(6):1561-1571. doi: 10.1007/s10439-020-02688-6. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Dynamic occlusal loading during mastication is clinically relevant in the design and functional assessment of dental restorations and removable dentures, and in evaluating temporomandibular joint dysfunction. The aim of this study was to develop a modelling framework to evaluate subject-specific dynamic occlusal loading during chewing and biting over the entire dental arch. Measurements of jaw motion were performed on one healthy male adult using low-profile electromagnetic field sensors attached to the teeth, and occlusal anatomy quantified using an intra-oral scanner. During testing, the subject chewed and maximally compressed a piece of rubber between both second molars, first molars, premolars and their central incisors. The occlusal anatomy, rubber geometry and experimentally measured rubber material properties were combined in a finite element model. The measured mandibular motion was used to kinematically drive model simulations of chewing and biting of the rubber sample. Three-dimensional dynamic bite forces and contact pressures across the occlusal surfaces were then calculated. Both chewing and biting on the first molars produced the highest bite forces across the dental arch, and a large amount of anterior shear force was produced at the incisors and the second molars. During chewing, the initial tooth-rubber contact evolved from the buccal sides of the molars to the lingual sides at full mouth closure. Low-profile electromagnetic field sensors were shown to provide a clinically relevant measure of jaw kinematics with sufficient accuracy to drive finite element models of occlusal loading during chewing and biting. The modelling framework presented provides a basis for calculation of physiological, dynamic occlusal loading across the dental arch.
咀嚼过程中的动态咬合加载在牙修复体和可摘义齿的设计和功能评估以及颞下颌关节功能障碍的评估中具有临床意义。本研究旨在开发一种建模框架，以评估整个牙弓在咀嚼和咬合过程中的特定于个体的动态咬合加载。使用附着在牙齿上的低轮廓电磁场传感器对一名健康成年男性的下颌运动进行了测量，并使用口腔内扫描仪对咬合解剖结构进行了量化。在测试过程中，受测者在双侧第二磨牙、第一磨牙、前磨牙及其中切牙之间咀嚼并最大程度地压缩一块橡胶。将咬合解剖结构、橡胶几何形状和实验测量的橡胶材料特性结合到有限元模型中。使用测量的下颌运动来运动学地驱动咀嚼和咀嚼橡胶样本的模型模拟。然后计算三维动态咬合力和咬合表面的接触压力。咀嚼第一磨牙时，整个牙弓上的咬合力最高，并且在前牙和第二磨牙上产生了大量的前向剪切力。在咀嚼过程中，初始的牙齿-橡胶接触从磨牙的颊侧逐渐发展到全口闭合时的舌侧。低轮廓电磁场传感器被证明可以提供具有足够精度的下颌运动的临床相关测量值，足以驱动咀嚼和咬合过程中的咬合加载有限元模型。所提出的建模框架为计算整个牙弓的生理动态咬合负载提供了基础。
