Downs Christopher, Snodgrass Suzanne J, Weerasekara Ishanka, Valkenborghs Sarah R, Callister Robin
School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
Sports Med Open. 2021 Jan 6;7(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s40798-020-00290-7.
Netball is estimated to be played by more than 20 million people worldwide, but there is evidence of high injury incidence. A thorough understanding of the types and rates of netball injuries is essential for effective injury management and prevention strategies to be developed and implemented. This systematic review summarises the published findings with respect to injury types, participant characteristics and any identified risk factors for netball injuries.
A librarian-assisted computer search of seven scientific databases was conducted for studies reporting on netball injuries. Inclusion criteria were studies published in English, in peer-reviewed journals, which reported data on injuries and variables (e.g. age and competition level) that have been proposed as possibly associated with netball injury risk.
Forty-six studies (43.5% prospective, 37% hospital/insurance records, 19.5% retrospective) from 45 articles were included after screening. The majority of studies (74%) were conducted in Australia or New Zealand. There was little consistency in the definition of 'injury'. Elite or sub-elite level players were included in 69% of studies where the level of competition was reported. The duration of injury surveillance was generally related to the format of competition from which data were collected. Self-report questionnaires were used in 48% of studies and only 26% of studies used qualified health professionals to collect data courtside. Injuries to the ankle and knee were the most common (in 19 studies) although the incidence varied considerably across the studies (ankle 13-84% and knee 8-50% of injuries). Prevention of ankle and knee injuries should be a priority. Children sustained more upper limb injuries (e.g. fractures) compared with adults who sustained more lower limb injuries (e.g. ankle and knee sprains/strains). A large number of potential risk factors for injury in netball have been investigated in small numbers of studies. The main circumstances of injury are landings, collisions and falls.
Further studies should be directed towards recreational netball, reporting on injury incidence in players by age and utilising high-quality, standardised methods and criteria. Specific injury diagnosis and a better understanding of the circumstances and mechanisms of injury would provide more meaningful data for developing prevention strategies.
据估计，全球有超过2000万人从事无挡板篮球运动，但有证据表明其受伤发生率很高。全面了解无挡板篮球运动的损伤类型和发生率，对于制定和实施有效的损伤管理及预防策略至关重要。本系统评价总结了已发表的有关无挡板篮球运动损伤类型、参与者特征以及任何已确定的危险因素的研究结果。
在一名图书馆员的协助下，对七个科学数据库进行了计算机检索，以查找有关无挡板篮球运动损伤的研究。纳入标准为发表在英文同行评审期刊上的研究，这些研究报告了损伤数据以及被认为可能与无挡板篮球运动损伤风险相关的变量（如年龄和比赛水平）。
经过筛选，纳入了45篇文章中的46项研究（43.5%为前瞻性研究，37%为医院/保险记录研究，19.5%为回顾性研究）。大多数研究（74%）在澳大利亚或新西兰进行。“损伤”的定义几乎没有一致性。在报告了比赛水平的研究中，69%纳入了精英或准精英水平的运动员。损伤监测的持续时间通常与收集数据的比赛形式有关。48%的研究使用了自我报告问卷，只有26%的研究使用合格的卫生专业人员在赛场边收集数据。脚踝和膝盖损伤最为常见（19项研究），尽管各研究中的发生率差异很大（脚踝损伤占13%-84%，膝盖损伤占8%-50%）。预防脚踝和膝盖损伤应成为优先事项。与成年人相比，儿童上肢损伤（如骨折）更多，而成年人下肢损伤（如脚踝和膝盖扭伤/拉伤）更多。在少数研究中对大量无挡板篮球运动损伤的潜在危险因素进行了调查。损伤主要发生在着陆、碰撞和摔倒时。
应针对业余无挡板篮球运动开展进一步研究，按年龄报告运动员的损伤发生率，并采用高质量、标准化的方法和标准。具体的损伤诊断以及对损伤情况和机制的更好理解，将为制定预防策略提供更有意义的数据。
