School of Business, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
College of Tourism, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Apr;28(16):20157-20173. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-11786-w. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
The existing literature on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) fails to investigate the spatial attribute of the "pollution halo" effect or to integrate the "pollution haven" effect. This paper extends the EKC model to the spatial Durbin model by exploring the spatial spillover of disembodied technology and the pollution transfer effect of environmental regulation. Taking Chinese agricultural foreign trade as an example, our paper finds that the technology spillover does not bring a pollution halo effect to local areas but to adjacent areas. The pollution haven effect impacts the EKC's turning point, which can be divided into two curves in the spatial dimension: an inverted U-shaped curve, in which the turning point represents the effect of technological innovation, and a U-shaped curve, in which the turning point represents the transfer effect of pollution-intensive industries. Based on the conclusion, this paper recommends that agricultural non-point pollution reduction should be nationally coordinated to establish transport infrastructure and the agricultural human capital conditions for the spatial diffusion of disembodied technology.
现有关于环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）的文献未能考察“污染光环”效应的空间属性，也未能整合“污染避难所”效应。本文通过探索非物质技术的空间溢出和环境规制的污染转移效应，将 EKC 模型扩展到空间杜宾模型。以中国农业对外贸易为例，本文发现技术溢出并未给当地带来污染光环效应，而是给相邻地区带来了污染光环效应。污染避难所效应影响 EKC 的转折点，可以在空间维度上分为两条曲线：倒 U 形曲线，其中转折点代表技术创新的效应；U 形曲线，其中转折点代表污染密集型产业的转移效应。基于这一结论，本文建议在全国范围内协调农业非点源污染减排，建立交通基础设施和农业人力资本条件，以促进非物质技术的空间扩散。
