Pós-graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Distrito Federal, Brasília, DF, 70830-010, Brazil.
Braz J Microbiol. 2021 Mar;52(1):289-298. doi: 10.1007/s42770-020-00411-0. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Human rhinovirus (HRV) is one of the most common human viral pathogens related to infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, which can result in bronchiolitis and pneumonia. However, the relevance of HRV in human health was under-estimated for long time due to the absence of molecular targets for influenza and influenza-like syndrome surveillance in Brasília, Brazil.
The main objective of this study was analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of HRV infections in comparison with patients without HRV and other common respiratory viruses.
For this purpose, new specific primer sets were designed based on the high throughput sequencing analysis in previous study. These primers were used for HRV detection by RT-qPCR and Sanger sequencing of amplified cDNA of 5' genomic region. The phylogenetic tree with representative HRV isolates was constructed using the Mega X software. Statistical analysis considering the patient profiles were performed using IBM SPSS program with non-parametric tests.
The most prevalent virus in negative samples was rhinovirus (n = 40), including three rhinovirus species (rhinovirus A, B, and C). The odds ratio associated with HRV infection was 2.160 for patients younger than 2 years and 4.367 for people living in rural areas. The multiple analysis showed lower chance of patients with HRV presenting respiratory distress.
In this study, it was reported the predominance of rhinoviruses in cases of respiratory illness for negative patients for the influenza and influenza-like syndrome surveillance, being rhinorrhea, the most significant symptom associated with the disease.
人类鼻病毒（HRV）是与上呼吸道和下呼吸道感染相关的最常见的人类病毒病原体之一，可导致细支气管炎和肺炎。然而，由于巴西利亚缺乏流感和类似流感综合征监测的分子靶标，HRV 在人类健康中的相关性长期以来一直被低估。
本研究的主要目的是分析 HRV 感染的临床特征和结局，并与无 HRV 和其他常见呼吸道病毒的患者进行比较。
为此，根据先前研究的高通量测序分析设计了新的特异性引物组。这些引物用于通过 RT-qPCR 检测 HRV 和对 5'基因组区域扩增 cDNA 的 Sanger 测序。使用 Mega X 软件构建具有代表性 HRV 分离株的系统发育树。使用 IBM SPSS 程序对考虑患者特征的统计分析采用非参数检验。
阴性样本中最常见的病毒是鼻病毒（n=40），包括三种鼻病毒种（鼻病毒 A、B 和 C）。与 HRV 感染相关的优势比为 2.160，年龄小于 2 岁的患者和居住在农村地区的患者为 4.367。多因素分析显示，HRV 感染患者出现呼吸窘迫的可能性较低。
在这项研究中，报告了在流感和类似流感综合征监测的阴性患者呼吸道疾病中鼻病毒的优势，其中流鼻涕是与疾病相关的最显著症状。
