Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institutes of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
Chemical Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
Environ Geochem Health. 2021 May;43(5):2193-2202. doi: 10.1007/s10653-020-00793-y. Epub 2021 Jan 7.
The presence of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulphonic acid (PFOS) in crops is an important consideration for food safety. The soil organic matter (SOM) content may affect the adsorption potential of PFOA and PFOS in water and soil and their subsequent uptake in crops. To better understand these dynamics, the adsorption and uptake of PFOA and PFOS in lettuce were investigated using granular activated carbon (GAC)-treated soils with varying SOM content. The adsorption potential of GAC was investigated, with maximum adsorption capacities for PFOA and PFOS calculated to be 9.091 mg g and 27.778 mg g, respectively. These values decreased to 5.208 mg g and 17.241 mg g, respectively, after the addition of 0.04 wt% humic acid. The average plant uptake factor (PUF) in low and high perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA)-contaminated soils with 4.0 wt% SOM was restricted to 0.353 for PFOA and 0.108 for PFOS. The PUFs were approximately two times lower than those for soil with 2.6 wt% SOM. Addition of 1 wt% GAC to the soil successfully reduced the PUF by up to 99.4%, with values of 0.006 (PFOA) and 0.005 (PFOS) in 2.6 wt% SOM-treated soil and 0.079 (PFOA) and 0.023 (PFOS) in 4.0 wt% SOM-treated soil. Although the PUF in the GAC-treated soil was drastically decreased, the PUF of the soil with 4.0 wt% SOM was at least four times higher than that with 2.6 wt% SOM. Therefore, SOM content is an important consideration in the remediation of PFOA- and PFOS-contaminated farmland soil using carbonaceous adsorbent.
全氟辛酸 (PFOA) 和全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS) 在作物中的存在是食品安全的一个重要考虑因素。土壤有机质 (SOM) 含量可能会影响水和土壤中 PFOA 和 PFOS 的吸附潜力及其随后在作物中的吸收。为了更好地了解这些动态，使用不同 SOM 含量的颗粒活性炭 (GAC) 处理土壤研究了生菜中 PFOA 和 PFOS 的吸附和吸收。研究了 GAC 的吸附潜力，计算出 PFOA 和 PFOS 的最大吸附容量分别为 9.091 mg g 和 27.778 mg g。添加 0.04 wt% 腐殖酸后，这些值分别降至 5.208 mg g 和 17.241 mg g。在 SOM 含量为 4.0 wt% 的低和高全氟烷基和多氟烷基酸 (PFAA) 污染土壤中，平均植物摄取因子 (PUF) 分别限制为 0.353 用于 PFOA 和 0.108 用于 PFOS。与 SOM 含量为 2.6 wt% 的土壤相比，PUF 低约两倍。向土壤中添加 1 wt% 的 GAC 可成功将 PUF 降低 99.4%，SOM 含量为 2.6 wt% 的土壤中值为 0.006（PFOA）和 0.005（PFOS），SOM 含量为 4.0 wt% 的土壤中值为 0.079（PFOA）和 0.023（PFOS）。尽管 GAC 处理土壤中的 PUF 急剧下降，但 SOM 含量为 4.0 wt% 的土壤中的 PUF 仍至少是 SOM 含量为 2.6 wt% 的土壤的四倍。因此，SOM 含量是使用碳质吸附剂修复受 PFOA 和 PFOS 污染的农田土壤的一个重要考虑因素。
