Department of Biomedical Informatics and the OSU Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America.
Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Pathology Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 7;16(1):e0235025. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235025. eCollection 2021.
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents approximately 10-15% of all breast cancers and has a poor outcome as it lacks a receptor target for therapy, and TNBC is frequently associated with a germline mutation of BRCA1. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) drugs have demonstrated some effectiveness in treating BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutated breast and ovarian cancers but resistance to PARPi is common. Published results found that resistance to Olaparib, a PARPi, can be due to downregulation of EMI1 and the consequent upregulation of the RAD51 recombinase. Using a tissue culture-based cell viability assay, we extended those observations to another PARPi and to other chemotherapy drugs that affect DNA repair or the cell cycle. As we expected, EMI1 downregulation resulted in resistance to another PARPi drug, Talazoparib. EMI1 downregulation also led to resistance to other cytotoxic drugs, Cisplatin and CHK1 inhibitor. Notably, increasing the RAD51 protein expression only recapitulated some, but not all, of the effects of EMI1 depletion in conferring to the cell resistance to different PARPi and the other cytotoxic drugs. These results suggest that the downstream effects of EMI1 downregulation that contribute to PARPi resistance are increasing the concentration of RAD51 protein in the cell and blocking mitotic entry. We found that combining CHK1 inhibitor with olaparib results in restoration of sensitivity even when EMI1 expression is downregulated. This combination therapy may be a means to overcome the PARPi resistance in BRCA1-deficient TNBC cells.
三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)约占所有乳腺癌的 10-15%,由于缺乏治疗靶点受体,其预后较差,并且 TNBC 通常与 BRCA1 的种系突变有关。聚(ADP-核糖)聚合酶抑制剂(PARPi)药物已被证明在治疗 BRCA1 或 BRCA2 突变的乳腺癌和卵巢癌方面具有一定的疗效,但对 PARPi 的耐药性很常见。已发表的研究结果表明,对 PARPi 奥拉帕利的耐药性可能是由于 EMI1 的下调以及随后 RAD51 重组酶的上调所致。通过基于组织培养的细胞活力测定,我们将这些观察结果扩展到另一种 PARPi 以及其他影响 DNA 修复或细胞周期的化疗药物。正如我们所料,EMI1 的下调导致对另一种 PARPi 药物 Talazoparib 的耐药性。EMI1 的下调也导致对其他细胞毒性药物顺铂和 CHK1 抑制剂的耐药性。值得注意的是,RAD51 蛋白表达的增加仅部分重现了 EMI1 耗竭赋予细胞对不同 PARPi 和其他细胞毒性药物耐药性的部分作用。这些结果表明,导致 PARPi 耐药性的 EMI1 下调的下游效应是增加细胞中 RAD51 蛋白的浓度并阻止有丝分裂进入。我们发现,即使 EMI1 表达下调,联合使用 CHK1 抑制剂和奥拉帕利也会恢复敏感性。这种联合治疗可能是克服 BRCA1 缺陷型 TNBC 细胞中 PARPi 耐药性的一种手段。
Clin Cancer Res. 2016-12-29
Mol Cancer Ther. 2019-9-18
BMC Mol Cell Biol. 2023-12-1
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2021-10
Trends Cell Biol. 2019-8-14
Mol Cell. 2019-1-17
DNA Repair (Amst). 2018-8-23
Int J Biol Sci. 2017-2-17
Prz Menopauzalny. 2016-12