Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
College of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
J Psychosoc Oncol. 2021;39(4):509-533. doi: 10.1080/07347332.2020.1867690. Epub 2021 Jan 8.
Loneliness is common after cancer, contributing to poor outcomes. Interventions to modify loneliness are needed. This systematic review describes the current literature regarding loneliness interventions in cancer survivors. Databases including: Ovid/MEDLINE; The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); Elsevier/Embase; Clarivate/Web of Science (Core Collection), EBSCO/PsycINFO, EBSCO/CINAHL were used to perform a systematic review of literature using PRISMA guidelines. Second, risk of bias, meta-analysis and a narrative synthesis approach was completed to synthesize findings from multiple studies. Six thousand five hundred three studies were initially evaluated; eight studies met inclusion criteria. Findings indicate a paucity of interventions, generally of lower quality. Interventions were feasible and acceptable; those interventions with cultural modifications were more likely to demonstrate effectiveness. There are limited interventions addressing loneliness in cancer survivors. Development and testing of culturally-relevant programs are warranted. Current studies suggest the psychosocial symptom of loneliness is modifiable among adult cancer survivors. Few interventions have been tested and shown to be effectiveness in cancer survivors in the U.S. and none have been tailored for older adult survivors, by patient gender/sex and few for specific race/ethnic groups. Results from this systematic review: a narrative synthesis and meta-analysis can inform future interventions targeting loneliness in this growing, yet vulnerable, adult cancer survivor population.
孤独在癌症后很常见，会导致不良后果。需要采取干预措施来改变孤独感。本系统评价描述了癌症幸存者孤独干预的当前文献。使用 PRISMA 指南，我们在数据库中进行了文献的系统评价，包括：Ovid/MEDLINE；Cochrane 中央对照试验注册中心（CENTRAL）；爱思唯尔/Embase；Clarivate/Web of Science（核心合集），EBSCO/PsycINFO，EBSCO/CINAHL。其次，我们完成了风险偏倚评估、荟萃分析和叙述性综合方法，以综合多项研究的结果。最初评估了 6503 项研究，其中 8 项研究符合纳入标准。研究结果表明干预措施很少，通常质量较低。干预措施是可行和可接受的；那些进行文化调整的干预措施更有可能显示出效果。目前针对癌症幸存者孤独感的干预措施有限。需要开发和测试具有文化相关性的方案。目前的研究表明，成年癌症幸存者的心理社会症状是可以改变的。在美国，很少有干预措施经过测试并被证明对癌症幸存者有效，也没有针对老年幸存者或按患者性别/性别和少数特定种族/族裔群体进行调整的干预措施。本系统评价的结果：叙述性综合和荟萃分析可以为针对这一不断增长但脆弱的成年癌症幸存者群体的孤独感的未来干预措施提供信息。
