Gautam Sanjeev Kumar, Gupta Vivek
School of Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144411, India.
Curr Diabetes Rev. 2022;18(3):e010521189965. doi: 10.2174/1573399817666210106104230.
Diabetes is a major metabolic aggressive disease that has exponentially increased around the globe, including both developed and developing countries. The significant change in the lifestyle of people, attributed to the fast-paced living style and dietary conditions, are a few of the core reasons behind the disease. Multiple studies conducted in various developing countries conclude that patient education, along with adhered practices and attitudinal outlook, can significantly help in deterring the ill effects of diabetes mellitus.
The review aimed at understanding the impact of KAP on the management of diabetes mellitus in emerging economies.
Multi-central analytical cross-sectional and prospective studies were conducted for research in multiple countries with median per capita income of ~$4,000 (developing countries - Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Iraq, Iran, Nigeria, etc.), wherein significant difference was witnessed in the outlook of patients and related stakeholders, who had a decent score of KAP relative to ones with lower scores, towards type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Among all the three variables that are capable of managing diabetes - knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) - knowledge attained a high degree of importance as it served as the initial step to control DM. In developing countries, the ratio of people with knowledge - relating to disease - is significantly dependent on age, socio-economic status and education. As per the previous studies and their corresponding results, educational awareness is of utmost importance in order to eradicate myths and wrong information around the same.
The review concludes the importance of patient counseling to modify their KAP towards the disease will be highly effective in countries like India, where the count of diabetes mellitus patients is increasing aggressively. Investment in patient counselling to improve their KAP score will significantly help in palliating the effect of this disease.
糖尿病是一种主要的代谢性侵袭性疾病，在全球范围内呈指数级增长，包括发达国家和发展中国家。人们生活方式的显著变化，归因于快节奏的生活方式和饮食条件，是该疾病背后的一些核心原因。在各个发展中国家进行的多项研究得出结论，患者教育以及坚持的做法和态度观念，可显著有助于遏制糖尿病的不良影响。
本综述旨在了解知识、态度和实践（KAP）对新兴经济体中糖尿病管理的影响。
在多个国家开展了多中心分析性横断面研究和前瞻性研究，这些国家的人均收入中位数约为4000美元（发展中国家——埃塞俄比亚、孟加拉国、伊拉克、伊朗、尼日利亚等），在这些国家，相对于KAP得分较低的患者及相关利益攸关方，KAP得分较高的患者及相关利益攸关方对2型糖尿病的看法存在显著差异。
在能够管理糖尿病的所有三个变量——知识、态度和实践（KAP）中，知识具有高度重要性，因为它是控制糖尿病的第一步。在发展中国家，了解疾病知识的人群比例显著取决于年龄、社会经济地位和教育程度。根据先前的研究及其相应结果，为消除围绕该疾病的误解和错误信息，提高教育意识至关重要。
该综述得出结论，在印度等糖尿病患者数量急剧增加的国家，对患者进行咨询以改变他们对疾病的KAP将非常有效。投资于患者咨询以提高他们的KAP得分将显著有助于减轻这种疾病的影响。
