Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University and LSU Veterinary Medicine, Skip Bertman Drive, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2021 Jan 7;19(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s12951-020-00745-9.
Advantages of polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery systems include controlled release, enhanced drug stability and bioavailability, and specific tissue targeting. Nanoparticle properties such as hydrophobicity, size, and charge, mucoadhesion, and surface ligands, as well as administration route and suspension media affect their ability to overcome ocular barriers and distribute in the eye, and must be carefully designed for specific target tissues and ocular diseases. This review seeks to discuss the available literature on the biodistribution of polymeric nanoparticles and discuss the effects of nanoparticle composition and administration method on their ocular penetration, distribution, elimination, toxicity, and efficacy, with potential impact on clinical applications.
聚合物纳米粒子作为药物传递系统的优点包括控制释放、提高药物稳定性和生物利用度以及靶向特定组织。纳米粒子的性质，如疏水性、大小和电荷、黏膜黏附性和表面配体以及给药途径和悬浮介质，都会影响它们克服眼部屏障并在眼部分布的能力，并且必须针对特定的靶组织和眼部疾病进行精心设计。本文综述了关于聚合物纳米粒子的生物分布的现有文献，并讨论了纳米粒子的组成和给药方法对其眼部穿透、分布、消除、毒性和疗效的影响，这可能对临床应用产生影响。
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