J Sport Rehabil. 2021 Jan 8;30(6):844-849. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2020-0337.
Sport-related concussion (SRC) elevates risk for subsequent injury, which may relate to impaired perceptual-motor processes that are potentially modifiable.
To assess a possible upper-extremity (UE) training effect on whole-body (WB) reactive agility performance among elite athletes with history of SRC (HxSRC) and without such history of SRC.
Cohort study.
Residential training center.
Elite athletes (12 males and 8 females), including 10 HxSRC and 10 without such history of SRC.
One-minute training sessions completed 2 to 3 times per week over a 3-week period involved verbal identification of center arrow direction for 10 incongruent and 10 congruent flanker test trials with simultaneous reaching responses to deactivate illuminated buttons.
Pretraining and posttraining assessments of UE and WB reactive responses included flanker test conflict effect (incongruent minus congruent reaction time) and WB lateral average asymmetry derived from reaction time, speed, acceleration, and deceleration in opposite directions. Discrimination was assessed by receiver operating characteristic analysis, and training effect was assessed by repeated-measures analysis of variance.
Pretraining discrimination between HxSRC and without such history of SRC was greatest for conflict effect ≥80 milliseconds and WB lateral average asymmetry ≥18%. Each athlete completed 6 training sessions, which improved UE mean reaction time from 767 to 646 milliseconds (P < .001) and reduced mean conflict effect from 96 to 53 milliseconds (P = .039). A significant group × trial interaction was evident for WB lateral average asymmetry (P = .004), which was reduced from 24.3% to 12.5% among those with HxSRC.
Suboptimal perceptual-motor performance may represent a subtle long-term effect of concussion that is modifiable through UE training, which appears to improve WB reactive capabilities.
与运动相关的脑震荡 (SRC) 会增加随后受伤的风险，这可能与知觉运动过程受损有关，而这些过程是可以改变的。
评估上肢 (UE) 训练对有 SRC 病史（HxSRC）和无 SRC 病史的精英运动员全身（WB）反应敏捷性表现的可能影响。
队列研究。
住宿训练中心。
精英运动员（12 男 8 女），包括 10 名 HxSRC 和 10 名无 SRC 病史。
在 3 周的时间内，每周完成 2 到 3 次 1 分钟的训练，包括口头识别中心箭头方向的 10 个不一致和 10 个一致的侧翼测试试验，同时进行照亮按钮的反应。
上肢和全身反应的 UE 和 WB 反应前和反应后的评估包括侧翼测试冲突效应（不一致减去一致反应时间）和来自相反方向的反应时间、速度、加速度和减速度的 WB 横向平均不对称性。通过接收者操作特征分析评估辨别力，通过重复测量方差分析评估训练效果。
在冲突效应≥80 毫秒和 WB 横向平均不对称性≥18%时，HxSRC 和无 SRC 病史之间的训练前辨别力最大。每个运动员完成 6 次训练，上肢平均反应时间从 767 毫秒减少到 646 毫秒（P<0.001），平均冲突效应从 96 毫秒减少到 53 毫秒（P=0.039）。在 WB 横向平均不对称性方面，存在显著的组×试验交互作用（P=0.004），在 HxSRC 中，这一比例从 24.3%降低到 12.5%。
次优的知觉运动表现可能代表了脑震荡的一种微妙的长期影响，这种影响可以通过 UE 训练来改变，这似乎可以提高 WB 的反应能力。
