Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2261:1-12. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1186-9_1.
In the past 40 years, mass spectrometry has seen a stunning development regarding increased sensitivity, resolution, and accuracy, especially for biomolecule analysis. These days without any doubt mass spectrometry is the most powerful analytical tool as a standalone technique or in conjunction with separation techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), or capillary electrophoresis (CE). It is literally used to analyze any kind of small or large molecules ranging from basic elements to metabolites, pesticides, toxins, small or large molecule drugs, oligonucleotides, peptides, proteins, and many other molecule classes.Here, various modern mass spectrometry techniques such as LC-MS , GC-MS, ICP-MS, and elemental bio-imaging are briefly described how they were used for the first complex multi-omics study of the oldest human ice mummy, the 5300-year-old Iceman or Oetzi. The study comprised of mass spectrometry-driven proteomics (protein profiling and characterization), metabolomics, lipidomics, glycomics, and metallomics.
在过去的 40 年中，质谱技术在灵敏度、分辨率和准确性方面取得了惊人的发展，尤其是在生物分子分析方面。如今，毫无疑问，质谱技术是最强大的分析工具，无论是作为独立技术，还是与高效液相色谱 (HPLC)、气相色谱 (GC) 或毛细管电泳 (CE) 等分离技术结合使用。它实际上可用于分析从基本元素到代谢物、农药、毒素、小分子或大分子药物、寡核苷酸、肽、蛋白质以及许多其他分子类型的各种大小的分子。在这里，简要描述了各种现代质谱技术，如 LC-MS、GC-MS、ICP-MS 和元素生物成像，以及它们如何首次用于对最古老的人类冰木乃伊——5300 岁的奥茨冰人进行复杂的多组学研究。该研究包括基于质谱的蛋白质组学（蛋白质谱分析和鉴定）、代谢组学、脂质组学、糖组学和金属组学。
