Xie Xiaowei, Chen Siyi, Zang Xuelian
College of Education, Institutes of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2020 Dec 16;11:603520. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.603520. eCollection 2020.
In contextual cueing, previously encountered context tends to facilitate the detection of the target embedded in it than when the target appears in a novel context. In this study, we investigated whether the contextual cueing could develop at early time when the search display was presented briefly. In four experiments, participants searched for a target T in an array of distractor Ls. The results showed that with a rather short presentation time of the search display, participants were able to learn the spatial context and speeded up their response time overall, with the learning effect lasting for a long period. Specifically, the contextual cueing effect was observed either with or without a mask after a duration of 300-ms presentation of the search display. Such a context learning under rapid presentation could not operate only with the local context information repeated, thus suggesting that a global context was required to guide spatial attention when the viewing time of the search display was limited. Overall, these findings indicate that contextual cueing might arise at an "early," target selection stage and that the global context is necessary for the context learning under rapid presentation to function.
在情境线索效应中，相较于目标出现在新情境中，先前遇到的情境往往更有助于检测嵌入其中的目标。在本研究中，我们调查了在搜索显示短暂呈现时，情境线索效应是否能在早期阶段形成。在四个实验中，参与者在由干扰项L组成的阵列中搜索目标T。结果表明，在搜索显示呈现时间相当短的情况下，参与者能够学习空间情境，并总体上加快了反应时间，学习效果持续很长一段时间。具体而言，在搜索显示呈现300毫秒后，无论有无掩蔽，都观察到了情境线索效应。在快速呈现下的这种情境学习不能仅通过重复局部情境信息来起作用，因此表明当搜索显示的观看时间有限时，需要全局情境来引导空间注意力。总体而言，这些发现表明情境线索效应可能出现在“早期”的目标选择阶段，并且全局情境对于快速呈现下的情境学习发挥作用是必要的。
