Department of Community Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.
Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Abuja, Nigeria.
Pan Afr Med J. 2020 Oct 2;37:115. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2020.37.115.17735. eCollection 2020.
diarrhoea remains a public health problem globally with majority of diarrhoea morbidity and mortality occurring in low resource settings. This study assessed the prevalence of diarrhoea and factors associated with diarrhoea in a rural community in Enugu, South East Nigeria.
a community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between May and June, 2017. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, water, sanitation, hand washing practices and diarrhoea history was obtained from 534 community residents using a structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and logistic regression tests at 5% level of significance.
prevalence of diarrhoea in the two weeks preceding the study was 7.47% and 10.77% among all ages and children younger than five years respectively. Of 469 residents aged five years and above, 206 (43.92%) accessed source of drinking water within 30 minutes round trip walking distance from their households, 275 (58.64%) practiced open defecation while 456 (97.23%) and 455 (97.01%) reported washing hands with soap or ash and water before eating and after using the toilet respectively. Two or more households sharing a toilet facility [AOR = 4.78 (95% CI 2.03-11.24)] was a risk factor for diarrhoea while washing hands with soap or ash and water before eating [AOR = 0.23 (95% CI 0.06-0.90)] and after using the toilet [0.16 (95% CI 0.04-0.55)] protected against diarrhoea.
increasing access to improved sanitary sewage disposal methods and promoting hand washing with soap and water at critical moments would improve diarrhoeal disease control.
腹泻仍然是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，大多数腹泻发病率和死亡率发生在资源匮乏的环境中。本研究评估了尼日利亚东南部埃努古农村社区的腹泻患病率和腹泻相关因素。
2017 年 5 月至 6 月期间进行了一项基于社区的横断面调查。使用结构化访谈员管理的问卷，从 534 名社区居民那里获得了社会人口统计学特征、水、卫生、洗手习惯和腹泻史方面的信息。使用描述性统计、卡方检验和逻辑回归检验在 5%的显著性水平下分析数据。
在研究前两周，所有年龄段的腹泻患病率为 7.47%，5 岁以下儿童的腹泻患病率为 10.77%。在 469 名 5 岁及以上的居民中，有 206 人（43.92%）在 30 分钟步行往返距离内获得饮用水源，275 人（58.64%）露天排便，而 456 人（97.23%）和 455 人（97.01%）分别报告在进食前和使用厕所后用肥皂或灰水洗手。两个或多个家庭共用一个厕所设施[优势比（AOR）=4.78（95%置信区间 2.03-11.24）]是腹泻的危险因素，而进食前用肥皂或灰水洗手[AOR=0.23（95%置信区间 0.06-0.90）]和使用厕所后[AOR=0.16（95%置信区间 0.04-0.55）]可以预防腹泻。
增加获得改良卫生污水处置方法的机会，并在关键时刻促进用肥皂和水洗手，将改善腹泻病控制。
