From the Department of Pediatrics, Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021 Mar 1;40(3):182-185. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002944.
Transient synovitis of the hip affects mostly preschool children, and its etiology is unknown. Kingella kingae has been identified recently as a common etiologic agent of osteoarticular infections (OAI) in young children and could potentially be associated to transient synovitis of the hip. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the association between transient synovitis of the hip and oropharyngeal carriage of K. kingae among preschool children.
This was a prospective case-control study conducted at a tertiary care pediatric emergency department. Cases were children between 6 and 71 months of ages with a diagnosis of transient synovitis of the hip. For each transient synovitis case, an age-matched control was recruited among children presenting for a trauma. A second control group included children with any OAI. The independent variable was the presence of oropharyngeal K. kingae identified by a specific polymerase chain reaction assay. The primary analysis was the association between oropharyngeal K. kingae carriage and final diagnosis.
A total of 73 children were included in the study. Among them, 25 had a transient synovitis, 16 an OAI, and 22 controls. Baseline demographics were similar between the groups. There was no difference in oropharyngeal carriage of K. kingae for children with transient synovitis (5/25; 0.20) in comparison to controls (3/22; 0.14), while it was higher for children with OAI (10/16; 0.63).
There is no association between oropharyngeal K. kingae and transient synovitis of the hip among preschool children.
髋关节一过性滑膜炎主要影响学龄前儿童，其病因不明。金氏金菌最近被确定为幼儿骨关节炎感染（OAI）的常见病原体，可能与髋关节一过性滑膜炎有关。本研究的主要目的是评估学龄前儿童髋关节一过性滑膜炎与咽峡部金氏金菌定植之间的关系。
这是一项在三级儿科急诊中心进行的前瞻性病例对照研究。病例为 6 至 71 月龄诊断为髋关节一过性滑膜炎的儿童。对于每例髋关节一过性滑膜炎病例，均在因创伤就诊的儿童中选择年龄匹配的对照。第二个对照组包括患有任何 OAI 的儿童。自变量为通过特定聚合酶链反应检测到的咽峡部金氏金菌定植。主要分析是咽峡部金氏金菌定植与最终诊断之间的关系。
共有 73 名儿童纳入研究。其中，25 例为髋关节一过性滑膜炎，16 例为 OAI，22 例为对照组。各组基线人口统计学特征相似。与对照组（3/22；0.14）相比，髋关节一过性滑膜炎患儿（5/25；0.20）咽峡部金氏金菌定植率无差异，而 OAI 患儿（10/16；0.63）则更高。
在学龄前儿童中，咽峡部金氏金菌与髋关节一过性滑膜炎之间无关联。
