Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
White Sea Biological Station, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
Mar Environ Res. 2021 Feb;164:105242. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105242. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
The spring blooms of phytoplankton play a key role in the functioning of marine ecosystems in the polar regions. A spring bloom in the Subarctic White Sea was observed in order to determine the effect of ice cover on the distribution, composition, and temporal changes of phytoplankton communities. The obtained results clearly show that in the White Sea, as in other freezing Arctic seas, ice melting and ice removal both play an essential role in the onset and development of spring phytoplankton blooms. This facilitates the release of ice algae and ice-pelagic algae into the water, as well as the rapid development of true planktonic taxa within the euphotic zone. One major peak of algal biomass is associated with ice removal while the other is recorded in the early summer. Comparison of our results with earlier data from 1960s to 1990s indicated strong year-to-year variation in terms of ice removal, the onset of the spring bloom, and the abundance and composition of the dominant phytoplankton taxa.
浮游植物的春季繁殖对于极地海洋生态系统的功能起着关键作用。为了确定冰盖对浮游植物群落的分布、组成和时间变化的影响，观察了亚北极白海的春季繁殖。研究结果清楚地表明，在白海中，就像在其他冰冻的北极海域一样，冰的融化和冰的去除在春季浮游植物繁殖的开始和发展中都起着至关重要的作用。这有助于将冰藻和冰浮游藻类释放到水中，并在透光区快速发展真正的浮游生物类群。一个主要的藻类生物量峰值与冰的去除有关，而另一个则记录在夏初。将我们的结果与 20 世纪 60 年代至 90 年代的早期数据进行比较表明，冰的去除、春季繁殖的开始以及优势浮游植物类群的丰度和组成在年度之间存在强烈的变化。
