Weiss Frank U, Laemmerhirt Felix, Lerch Markus M
Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
J Clin Med. 2021 Jan 7;10(2):190. doi: 10.3390/jcm10020190.
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common gastroenterological indications for emergency admittance and hospitalization. Gallstones, alcohol consumption or the presence of additional initiating factors give rise to a disease with a diverse clinical appearance and a hard-to predict course of progression. One major challenge in the treatment of AP patients is the early identification of patients at risk for the development of systemic complications and organ failure. In addition, 20%-30% of patients with a first episode of AP later experience progress to recurrent or chronic disease. Complex gene-environment interactions have been identified to play a role in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, but so far no predictive genetic biomarkers could be implemented into the routine clinical care of AP patients. The current review explains common and rare etiologies of acute pancreatitis with emphasis on underlying genetic aberrations and ensuing clinical management.
急性胰腺炎（AP）是急诊入院和住院最常见的胃肠病学指征之一。胆结石、饮酒或存在其他诱发因素会引发一种临床表现多样且病情发展难以预测的疾病。治疗AP患者的一个主要挑战是早期识别有发生全身并发症和器官衰竭风险的患者。此外，首次发作AP的患者中有20%-30%随后会进展为复发性或慢性疾病。已确定复杂的基因-环境相互作用在胰腺炎的发病机制中起作用，但到目前为止，还没有预测性基因生物标志物可应用于AP患者的常规临床护理。本综述解释了急性胰腺炎的常见和罕见病因，重点是潜在的基因异常及后续的临床管理。
