Okpile Chilee, Zakka Usman, Nwosu Luke Chinaru
Department of Crop and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Bull Natl Res Cent. 2021;45(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s42269-020-00459-w. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Susceptibility studies keep farmers, managers and household users informed and enhance breeding program's testing against infestation and damage by storage insect pests. Therefore, laboratory tests were carried out to examine the susceptibility of ten rice brands to rice weevil, L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), infestation under temperature and relative humidity of 25 ± 2 °C and 75 ± 5%, respectively. The specific objectives of the study were to identify some commercially available rice brands with resistance to . , by determining whether brand difference influences insect body weight at emergence and whether infestation is related to brand palatability and appearance. The ten brands used for the study were royale stallion, Mama royale, parboiled rice, Mama gold, white rice, Super eagle, Indian rice, champion rice, Abakiliki rice and Mama Africa, and standard methods were used to achieve the objectives. The indices measured were F progeny emergence, grain weight loss and frass accumulation.
The results showed that Abakiliki rice was poor in both palatability and appearance, whereas Super eagle was the most palatable and white rice was visually excellent. The results further showed that no brand was resistant to infestation and damage by . . Males that were bred on the different rice brands did not differ in weight at emergence, but the weight of females at emergence was influenced by brand difference, and this suggests that female insects are more sensitive to brand difference at weight gain.
Palatability and appearance were important in the susceptibility of rice brands to . . The proliferation of diverse genotypes of rice (branded) with enhanced resistance to . should be strongly encouraged to reduce susceptibility and increase rice security.
敏感性研究能让农民、管理者和家庭用户了解情况，并加强育种计划针对仓储害虫侵害和损害的测试。因此，开展了实验室测试，以检验10个大米品牌在温度25±2°C、相对湿度75±5%条件下对米象（鞘翅目：象甲科）侵害的敏感性。本研究的具体目标是，通过确定品牌差异是否会影响米象羽化时的体重，以及侵害是否与品牌适口性及外观有关，来识别一些对米象具有抗性的市售大米品牌。本研究使用的10个品牌分别是皇家种马、皇家妈妈、蒸谷米、黄金妈妈、白米、超级鹰、印度香米、冠军米、阿巴基利基米和非洲妈妈米，并采用标准方法来实现这些目标。所测量的指标有F代羽化、谷粒重量损失和粪便积累。
结果表明，阿巴基利基米的适口性和外观都较差，而超级鹰米的适口性最佳，白米的外观极佳。结果还表明，没有哪个品牌对米象的侵害和损害具有抗性。在不同大米品牌上培育出的雄性米象羽化时体重没有差异，但雌性米象羽化时的体重受品牌差异影响，这表明雌性昆虫在体重增加方面对品牌差异更为敏感。
适口性和外观对大米品牌对米象的敏感性很重要。应大力鼓励繁殖对米象具有更强抗性的各种基因型（品牌）大米，以降低敏感性并提高大米安全性。
