Department of Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada.
Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Int J Dev Neurosci. 2021 Apr;81(2):200-208. doi: 10.1002/jdn.10090. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
Multiple Sclerosis is characterized by neural demyelination. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides soft tissue contrast, which forms the basis of techniques for extracting regional biomarkers across a participant's brain.
To investigate the clinical presentation of multiple sclerosis in a large-scale MRI analysis that includes thorough consideration of extractable structural measurements (average and variability of regional cortical thicknesses, cortical surface measurements, and volumes).
We performed a large-scale retrospective analysis of 370 T1 structural volumetric MRIs from 64 participants with multiple sclerosis and compared them with a large cohort of neurotypical participants, consisting of 993 MRIs from 988 participants. Regionally distributed measurements of cortical thickness (average and standard deviation) were extracted along with surface area, surface curvature, and volumetric measurements.
The largest observed finding involved regionally distributed reductions in average cortical thickness, with the parahippocampal region exhibiting the largest effect size, a finding that may be linked with known hippocampal atrophy in multiple sclerosis. Group-wise differences were also observed in terms of distributed volume, surface area, and surface curvature measurements.
Participants with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis present clinically with a variety of structural abnormalities, including perirhinal cortex thickness abnormalities not previously reported in the literature.
多发性硬化症的特征是神经脱髓鞘。结构磁共振成像（MRI）提供软组织对比，这构成了提取参与者大脑区域生物标志物的技术基础。
在一项大规模 MRI 分析中研究多发性硬化症的临床表现，该分析包括对可提取的结构测量值（区域皮质厚度的平均值和变异性、皮质表面测量值和体积）进行彻底考虑。
我们对 64 名多发性硬化症患者的 370 份 T1 结构容积 MRI 进行了大规模回顾性分析，并将其与由 988 名参与者的 993 份 MRI 组成的大型神经典型参与者队列进行了比较。沿着皮质表面积、皮质曲率和体积测量值提取了皮质厚度（平均值和标准差）的区域性分布测量值。
观察到的最大发现涉及区域性分布的皮质厚度平均降低，其中海马旁回区域的效应量最大，这一发现可能与多发性硬化症中已知的海马萎缩有关。在体积、表面积和表面曲率测量方面也观察到了组间差异。
儿科发病的多发性硬化症患者在临床上表现出多种结构异常，包括以前文献中未报道过的边缘回皮质厚度异常。
