Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Rm 301, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Rm 3156, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
College of Life Science, Chongqing University, 55 University Town South Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2021 Apr;60:101987. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.101987. Epub 2021 Jan 9.
Breeding for disease resistance against microbial pathogens is essential for food security in modern agriculture. Conventional breeding, although widely accepted, is time consuming. An alternative approach is generating crop plants with desirable traits through genetic engineering. The collective efforts of many labs in the past 30 years have led to a comprehensive understanding of how plant immunity is achieved, enabling the application of genetic engineering to enhance disease resistance in crop plants. Here, we briefly review the engineering of disease resistance against biotrophic pathogens using various components of the plant immune system. Recent breakthroughs in immune receptors signaling and systemic acquired resistance (SAR), along with innovations in precise gene editing methods, provide exciting new opportunities for the development of improved environmentally friendly crop varieties that are disease resistant and high-yield.
培育对微生物病原体的抗性是现代农业食品安全的关键。传统的育种方法虽然被广泛接受，但耗时较长。另一种方法是通过基因工程生成具有理想特性的作物植物。过去 30 年来，许多实验室的共同努力使人们对植物免疫的实现有了全面的了解，从而使遗传工程能够应用于增强作物植物的抗病性。在这里，我们简要回顾了使用植物免疫系统的各种成分来对抗生物营养型病原体的抗病性工程。近年来，免疫受体信号转导和系统获得性抗性（SAR）方面的突破，以及精确基因编辑方法的创新，为开发改良的、环境友好的、抗病高产的作物品种提供了令人兴奋的新机会。
