Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science (SAAS), China; New Valley University, Faculty of Agriculture, Soils and Water Department, Egypt; National Committee of Soil Science, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, Egypt.
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University Egypt.
Chemosphere. 2021 May;271:129321. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129321. Epub 2020 Dec 17.
Sclerotium rolfsii is a soil-borne fungus that causes big losses in productivity of various plant species including Phaseolus vulgaris L. The objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the impacts of Sclerotium rolfsii on growth and production of common bean plants, (2) determine the effects of Sclerotium rolfsii on nutritive contents of beans, and (3) test the efficacy of bio-inoculants on suppressing plant infection with Sclerotium rolfsii. To fulfill these objectives, we used a coupled pot and field experimental approaches during two growing seasons. Common beans were inoculated with either arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Claroideoglomus etunicatum), Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or Trichoderma viride solely or in different combinations. Non-inoculated plants and fungicide treated ones were considered as reference treatments. Throughout these experiments, minimal amounts of rock phosphate were added during soil preparation for bio-inoculated treatments, while the non-inoculated reference treatments received a full dose of P as calcium superphosphate. Results revealed that all tested bioinoculants significantly raised the activities of plant defense enzymes i.e. chitinase, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase as compared to non-inoculated control. Likewise, pre-, post- and plant survival percentages significantly increased due to these bio-inoculations. Increased survival percentages were attributed to the concurrent increases in uptake of N, P and Zn nutrients by plants treated with bioinoculants. In this concern, plant nutrients uptake was higher in combined than single bio-inoculant treatments. Moreover, the uptake values of plant nutrients owing to the combined bio-inoculants were higher than the corresponding ones achieved due to fungicide treatment. In conclusion, application of the tested bio-inoculants, especially the combined ones can be considered an eco-friendly approach that not only enhances plants resistance against infection with Sclerotium rolfsii but also improves plant nutritive status.
木霉是一种土传真菌，会导致包括菜豆在内的各种植物物种的生产力大幅下降。本研究的目的是：（1）评估木霉对普通菜豆植株生长和产量的影响，（2）确定木霉对豆类营养成分的影响，（3）测试生物接种剂对抑制植物感染木霉的效果。为了实现这些目标，我们在两个生长季节使用了耦合盆和田间实验方法。将菜豆接种丛枝菌根真菌（Claroideoglomus etunicatum）、酿酒酵母或木霉单独或组合接种。未接种的植物和用杀菌剂处理的植物被视为对照处理。在这些实验中，在准备生物接种处理的土壤时，仅添加少量磷灰石，而未接种的对照处理则接受作为过磷酸钙的全剂量 P。结果表明，与未接种对照相比，所有测试的生物接种剂都显著提高了植物防御酶（如几丁质酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶）的活性。同样，由于这些生物接种，预、后和植物存活率百分比显著增加。存活率百分比的增加归因于处理过的植物对 N、P 和 Zn 营养物的吸收增加。在这方面，与单一生物接种剂处理相比，组合生物接种剂处理的植物养分吸收更高。此外，由于组合生物接种剂，植物养分的吸收值高于由于杀菌剂处理而获得的相应值。总之，应用测试的生物接种剂，特别是组合生物接种剂，可以被认为是一种环保的方法，它不仅增强了植物对木霉感染的抵抗力，而且改善了植物的营养状况。
