College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China.
College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China; Department of Architectural Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 May 1;767:144246. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144246. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
As an essential element for life, phosphorus (P) is very important for organisms. However, excessive P in water and sediment can cause eutrophication, which poses a potential risk to drinking water safety and the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, effective phosphorus-control in water and sediment is the key strategy to control eutrophication. Iron-based materials exhibit high efficiency for P immobilization due to their strong affinity with P, low cost, easy availability, and environmentally friendliness. They are promising materials for controlling P in application. This work comprehensively summarizes the recent advances on P immobilization in water and sediment by different iron-based materials, including iron (hydr)oxides, iron salts, zero-valent iron and iron-loaded materials. This review is focused on the mechanism of the processes and how they are impacted by major influencing factors. The combination of iron-containing materials with other assisting materials is a good strategy to enhance P-fixation efficiency and selectivity. Finally, the current challenges and prospects of P-control technologies based on iron-containing materials are proposed. This review provides a systemic theoretical and experimental foundation for P-immobilization in water and sediment using iron-based materials.
磷（P）作为生命的基本要素，对生物体非常重要。然而，水中和沉积物中过量的磷会导致富营养化，从而对饮用水安全和水生态系统的可持续性构成潜在风险。因此，有效控制水中和沉积物中的磷是控制富营养化的关键策略。由于与磷具有很强的亲和力、成本低、易于获得和环境友好，基于铁的材料在磷固定方面表现出很高的效率，是控制磷应用的有前途的材料。这项工作全面总结了不同铁基材料（包括铁（氢）氧化物、铁盐、零价铁和负载铁材料）在水中和沉积物中固定磷的最新进展。本综述重点介绍了这些过程的机制以及主要影响因素如何影响这些过程。将含铁材料与其他辅助材料结合是提高磷固定效率和选择性的一种好策略。最后，提出了基于含铁材料的磷控制技术的当前挑战和前景。本综述为利用铁基材料固定水中和沉积物中的磷提供了系统的理论和实验基础。
