Gomez-Eichelmann M C, Holz G, Beach D, Simpson A M, Simpson L
Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.
Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1988 Jan 15;27(2-3):143-58. doi: 10.1016/0166-6851(88)90034-5.
Eight strains of a lizard Leishmania species, L. tarentolae, were compared with four other saurian species [L. hoogstrali, L. adleri, L. agamae and Leishmania sp. LizS], with L. major from man and with Trypanosoma platydactyli, a putative lizard trypanosome, in terms of kinetoplast DNA minicircle and maxicircle sequences and in terms of nuclear chromosome patterns on orthogonal gel electrophoresis. The L. tarentolae strains fell into two major groups, one (group A) consisting of the L. tarentolae strains, UC, Krassner and Trager, derived from an Algerian gecko isolate and the other (group B) consisting of five L. tarentolae LEM strains isolated from geckos in southern France. T. platydactyli TPCL2, which was postulated by Wallbanks et al. to represent the lizard form of a French L. tarentolae strain, was closely related to the UC strain and not to the LEM strains, in all respects analyzed. Leishmania sp. LizS from a Mongolian gecko and L. hoogstrali from a Sudanese gecko showed some sequence similarities to the L. tarentolae strains, but the leishmanias said to be L. adleri from a Kenyan lacertid and L. agamae from an Israeli agamid showed no minicircle sequence similarities with lizard Leishmania and in fact were probably the same species. The maxicircle divergent region was larger in the group B strains than in the group A strains, but there were sequences in common with both groups, and not with L. hoogstrali and L. major. Four strains of L. tarentolae, the four other supposed saurian Leishmania species, three mammalian leishmanias, T. platydactyli and four other trypanosomes, T. cyclops (Malaysian macaque), T. conorrhini (Hawaiian reduviid bug), T. cruzi (man) and T. lewisi (feral rat) were analyzed for their contents of sterols and phosphoglyceride fatty acyl groups. T. platydactyli TPCL2 contained a sterol (5-dehydroepisterol), a phosphatidylcholine fatty acyl group (alpha-linolenic acid) and a phosphatidylethanolamine fatty acyl group (dihydrosterculic acid) characteristic of members of the genus Leishmania and not the genus Trypanosoma. The proportions of those lipids in the free sterol and phosphoglyceride fractions of T. platydactyli TPCL2 most closely resembled those seen in the Leishmania strains from Algerian, French, Mongolian and Sudanese geckos.
将八株蜥蜴利什曼原虫物种——塔兰托拉利什曼原虫（Leishmania tarentolae）与其他四种蜥蜴物种的利什曼原虫[霍氏利什曼原虫（L. hoogstrali）、阿氏利什曼原虫（L. adleri）、变色蜥利什曼原虫（L. agamae）和蜥蜴利什曼原虫（Leishmania sp. LizS）]、来自人类的硕大利什曼原虫（L. major）以及一种假定的蜥蜴锥虫——扁趾锥虫（Trypanosoma platydactyli），就动基体DNA小环和大环序列以及正交凝胶电泳上的核染色体模式进行了比较。塔兰托拉利什曼原虫菌株分为两个主要组，一组（A组）由源自阿尔及利亚壁虎分离株的塔兰托拉利什曼原虫菌株UC、克拉斯纳和特拉格组成，另一组（B组）由从法国南部壁虎分离的五株塔兰托拉利什曼原虫LEM菌株组成。沃尔班克斯等人假定代表法国塔兰托拉利什曼原虫菌株蜥蜴形式的扁趾锥虫TPCL2，在所有分析方面都与UC菌株密切相关，而与LEM菌株无关。来自蒙古壁虎的蜥蜴利什曼原虫LizS和来自苏丹壁虎的霍氏利什曼原虫与塔兰托拉利什曼原虫菌株表现出一些序列相似性，但据说来自肯尼亚蜥蜴的阿氏利什曼原虫和来自以色列鬣蜥的变色蜥利什曼原虫与蜥蜴利什曼原虫没有小环序列相似性，实际上可能是同一物种。B组菌株的大环差异区域比A组菌株大，但两组有共同序列，且与霍氏利什曼原虫和硕大利什曼原虫不同。分析了四株塔兰托拉利什曼原虫、其他四种假定的蜥蜴利什曼原虫物种、三种哺乳动物利什曼原虫、扁趾锥虫以及其他四种锥虫——独眼锥虫（T. cyclops，来自马来西亚猕猴）、科诺里锥虫（T. conorrhini，来自夏威夷猎蝽）、克氏锥虫（T. cruzi，来自人类）和刘易斯锥虫（T. lewisi，来自野生大鼠）的固醇和磷酸甘油酯脂肪酸酰基的含量。扁趾锥虫TPCL2含有一种固醇（5 - 脱氢表甾醇）、一种磷脂酰胆碱脂肪酸酰基（α - 亚麻酸）和一种磷脂酰乙醇胺脂肪酸酰基（二氢硬脂酸），这些是利什曼原虫属成员而非锥虫属成员的特征。扁趾锥虫TPCL2的游离固醇和磷酸甘油酯部分中这些脂质的比例与来自阿尔及利亚、法国、蒙古和苏丹壁虎的利什曼原虫菌株中所见的比例最为相似。
