Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Clinic, Homburg, Germany.
Andrologia. 2021 Apr;53(3):e13964. doi: 10.1111/and.13964. Epub 2021 Jan 13.
The aim of this current study was to investigate the influence of tobacco smoke on sperm quality determined by standard parameters, on sperm DNA maturity tested by chromomycin A3 (CMA3) staining, on sperm DNA fragmentation tested by TUNEL assay and on the transcript level of sperm nuclear proteins H2BFWT, PRM1, PRM2, TNP1 and TNP2 genes quantified by RT-PCR. One hundred forty-one (141) sperm samples (43 nonsmokers (G.1) and 98 heavy smokers (G.2)) of couples undergoing ICSI were enrolled in this study. In G2, a significant decrease in standard semen parameters in comparison with nonsmokers was shown (p < .01). In contrast, protamine deficiency (CMA3 positivity) and sperm DNA fragmentation (sDF) were significantly higher in G2 than in G1 (p < .01). Furthermore, the studied genes were differentially expressed (p < .01), down-regulated in the spermatozoa of G.2 compared to that of G.1 (fold change <0.5) and were significantly correlated between each other (p < .01). Moreover, in comparison with G1, the protamine mRNA ratio in G2 was significantly higher (p < .01). It can therefore be concluded that smoking alters mRNA expression levels of H2BFWT, TNP1, TNP2, PRM1 and PRM2 genes and the protamine mRNA ratio and consequently alters normal sperm function.
本研究旨在探讨烟草烟雾对精子质量标准参数的影响，精子 DNA 成熟度（用 Chromomycin A3 染色法检测）、精子 DNA 碎片化（用 TUNEL 检测）以及通过 RT-PCR 定量分析的精子核蛋白 H2BFWT、PRM1、PRM2、TNP1 和 TNP2 基因的转录水平。本研究纳入了 141 例（43 例非吸烟者（G.1）和 98 例重度吸烟者（G.2））接受 ICSI 的夫妇的精子样本。与非吸烟者相比，G2 组的标准精液参数显著下降（p<.01）。相反，与 G1 组相比，G2 组精浆蛋白缺乏（CMA3 阳性）和精子 DNA 碎片化（sDF）显著升高（p<.01）。此外，研究基因的表达水平存在差异（p<.01），与 G1 组相比，G2 组的精子中这些基因的表达下调（fold change <0.5），且相互之间存在显著相关性（p<.01）。此外，与 G1 组相比，G2 组的精浆蛋白 mRNA 比值显著升高（p<.01）。因此，可以得出结论，吸烟改变了 H2BFWT、TNP1、TNP2、PRM1 和 PRM2 基因的 mRNA 表达水平以及精浆蛋白 mRNA 比值，从而改变了正常精子的功能。
