Zhao Dan, Xin Zhaozhe, Hou Hongxia, Zhou Yi, Wang Jianxia, Xiao Jinhua, Huang Dawei
Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Life (Basel). 2021 Jan 11;11(1):40. doi: 10.3390/life11010040.
Fig wasps are a group of insects (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) that live in the compact syconia of fig trees (Moraceae: ). Accurate classification and phylogenetic results are very important for studies of fig wasps, but the taxonomic statuses of some fig wasps, especially the non-pollinating subfamilies are difficult to determine, such as Epichrysomallinae and Sycophaginae. To resolve the taxonomic statuses of Epichrysomallinae and Sycophaginae, we obtained transcriptomes and mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) data for four species of fig wasps. These newly added data were combined with the data of 13 wasps (data on 11 fig wasp species were from our laboratory and two wasp species were download from NCBI). Based on the transcriptome and genome data, we obtained 145 single-copy orthologous (SCO) genes in 17 wasp species, and based on mitogenome data, we obtained 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes (PCGs) for each of the 17 wasp species. Ultimately, we used 145 SCO genes, 13 mitochondrial PCGs and combined SCO genes and mitochondrial genes data to reconstruct the phylogenies of fig wasps using both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses. Our results suggest that both Epichrysomallinae and Sycophaginae are more closely related to Agaonidae with a high statistical support.
榕小蜂是一类昆虫（膜翅目：小蜂总科），生活在无花果树（桑科）紧密的隐头花序中。准确的分类和系统发育结果对于榕小蜂的研究非常重要，但一些榕小蜂的分类地位，尤其是非传粉亚科，很难确定，比如金小蜂亚科和食蚧小蜂亚科。为了解定金小蜂亚科和食蚧小蜂亚科的分类地位，我们获取了四种榕小蜂的转录组和线粒体基因组（线粒体基因组）数据。这些新添加的数据与13种黄蜂的数据相结合（11种榕小蜂物种的数据来自我们的实验室，另外两种黄蜂物种的数据从NCBI下载）。基于转录组和基因组数据，我们在17种黄蜂中获得了145个单拷贝直系同源（SCO）基因，基于线粒体基因组数据，我们为这17种黄蜂中的每一种都获得了13个线粒体蛋白编码基因（PCG）。最终，我们使用145个SCO基因、13个线粒体PCG以及SCO基因和线粒体基因数据的组合，通过最大似然（ML）和贝叶斯推断（BI）分析来重建榕小蜂的系统发育。我们的结果表明，金小蜂亚科和食蚧小蜂亚科与榕小蜂科的关系更为密切，具有较高的统计支持。
