Renčo Marek, Ntalli Nikoletta, D'Addabbo Trifone
Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001 Košice, Slovakia.
Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 S. Delta Str., Department of Pesticides' Control and Phytopharmacy, 14561 Athens, Greece.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Jan 12;10(1):145. doi: 10.3390/plants10010145.
Soil amendments with plant materials from species are widely acknowledged for a suppressive effect on plant-parasitic nematodes but their impact on beneficial components of soil nematofauna is still unknown. A study on potted tomato was carried out to investigate the short-time effects on the overall nematofauna of dry biomasses from six different species, i.e., , , , , and , incorporated to natural soil at 10, 20, or 40 g kg soil rates. All amendments resulted in a significant decrease of the total nematofauna biomass, whereas total abundance was significantly reduced only by , , and biomasses. Almost all the amendments significantly reduced the relative abundance of plant-parasites and root fungal feeders. All amendments significantly increased the abundance of bacterivores, whereas fungivores significantly increased only in soil amended with , and plant materials. and were the most abundant genera of bacterivores, whereas and prevailed among the fungivores. Predators were poorly influenced by all the tested biomasses, whereas the abundance of omnivores was negatively affected by and . Values of the Maturity Index and Sum Maturity Index were reduced by treatments with , , and plant materials, whereas most of the tested amendments decreased values of the Channel Index while increasing those of the Enrichment Index. Enrichment and bacterivore footprints raised following soil addition with biomasses, whereas composite and fungivore footprints were significantly reduced. According to their overall positive effects on soil nematofauna, amendments with plant materials or their formulated derivatives could represent an additional tool for a sustainable management of plant-parasitic nematodes.
用来自不同物种的植物材料改良土壤对植物寄生线虫具有抑制作用，这一点已得到广泛认可，但其对土壤线虫群落有益成分的影响仍不清楚。本研究以盆栽番茄为对象，调查了六种不同植物（即[具体植物名称1]、[具体植物名称2]、[具体植物名称3]、[具体植物名称4]、[具体植物名称5]和[具体植物名称6]）的干生物量以10、20或40 g/kg土壤的比例添加到天然土壤中后，对整个线虫群落的短期影响。所有改良处理均导致线虫群落总生物量显著下降，而总丰度仅在添加[具体植物名称1]、[具体植物名称2]和[具体植物名称3]生物量时显著降低。几乎所有的植物材料改良处理都显著降低了植物寄生线虫和根际真菌取食者的相对丰度。所有改良处理均显著增加了食细菌线虫的丰度，而食真菌线虫仅在添加[具体植物名称4]、[具体植物名称5]和[具体植物名称6]植物材料的土壤中显著增加。[具体食细菌线虫属1]和[具体食细菌线虫属2]是食细菌线虫中最丰富的属，而[具体食真菌线虫属1]和[具体食真菌线虫属2]在食真菌线虫中占优势。捕食性线虫受所有测试植物生物量的影响较小，而杂食性线虫的丰度受到[具体植物名称1]和[具体植物名称2]的负面影响。用[具体植物名称1]、[具体植物名称2]、[具体植物名称3]和[具体植物名称4]植物材料处理会降低成熟度指数和总成熟度指数的值，而大多数测试的改良处理会降低通道指数的值，同时增加富集指数的值。添加[具体植物名称5]生物量后，富集和食细菌线虫足迹增加，而综合和食真菌线虫足迹显著减少。根据它们对土壤线虫群落的总体积极影响，用[具体植物名称5]植物材料或其配方衍生物进行改良可能是可持续管理植物寄生线虫的一种额外手段。
