Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2021 Feb 2;55(3):1885-1896. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06479. Epub 2021 Jan 14.
Nanoplastics with small particle sizes and high surface area/volume ratios easily absorb environmental pollutants and affect their bioavailability. In this study, polystyrene nanoplastic beads (PS-NPBs) with a particle size of 100 nm and butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMDBM) sunscreen in personal-care products were chosen as target pollutants to study their developmental toxicity and interactive effects on zebrafish embryos. The exposure period was set from 2 to 12 h postfertilization (hpf). BMDBM and PS-NPBs significantly upregulated genes related to antioxidant enzymes and downregulated the gene expression of aromatase and DNA methyltransferases, but the influenced genes were not exactly the same. The combined exposure reduced the adverse effects on the expression of all genes. With the help of the single-cell RNA sequencing technology, neural mid cells were identified as the target cells of both pollutants, and brain development, head development, and the notch signaling pathway were the functions they commonly altered. The key genes and functions that are specifically affected by BMDBM and/or PS-NPBs were identified. BMDBM mainly affects the differentiation and fate of neurons in the central nervous system through the regulation of , , , , , and . The PS-NPBs regulate the expression of , , , , , , , and to alter nervous system development, retinal development, and stem cell differentiation. The phenotypic responses of zebrafish larvae at 120 hpf were tested, and significant inhibition of locomotor activity was found, indicating that early effects on the central nervous system would have a sustained impact on the behavior of zebrafish.
纳米塑料因其粒径小、表面积/体积比高，容易吸附环境污染物并影响其生物利用度。在本研究中，选择粒径为 100nm 的聚苯乙烯纳米塑料珠（PS-NPBs）和个人护理产品中的丁基甲氧基二苯甲酰基甲烷（BMDBM）防晒霜作为目标污染物，研究其对斑马鱼胚胎的发育毒性及其相互作用。暴露期设定为受精后 2 至 12 小时（hpf）。BMDBM 和 PS-NPBs 显著上调了与抗氧化酶相关的基因，并下调了芳香酶和 DNA 甲基转移酶的基因表达，但受影响的基因并不完全相同。联合暴露降低了对所有基因表达的不良影响。借助单细胞 RNA 测序技术，鉴定出神经中胚层细胞是两种污染物的靶细胞，脑发育、头发育和 Notch 信号通路是它们共同改变的功能。鉴定出受 BMDBM 和/或 PS-NPBs 特异性影响的关键基因和功能。BMDBM 主要通过调节 、 、 、 、 和 来影响中枢神经系统神经元的分化和命运。PS-NPBs 通过调节 、 、 、 、 、 和 来改变神经系统发育、视网膜发育和干细胞分化。测试了 120 hpf 时斑马鱼幼虫的表型反应，发现运动活性显著抑制，表明早期对中枢神经系统的影响会对斑马鱼的行为产生持续影响。
