鉴定和表征新型变体:调节 TPP1 蛋白水平可以抵消种系失活变体对端粒长度的影响。
Identification and characterization of novel variants: modulation of TPP1 protein level offsets the impact of germline loss-of-function variants on telomere length.
机构信息
Baylor College of Medicine, Integrated Molecular and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
出版信息
Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud. 2021 Feb 19;7(1). doi: 10.1101/mcs.a005454. Print 2021 Feb.
Telomere biology disorders, largely characterized by telomere lengths below the first centile for age, are caused by variants in genes associated with telomere replication, structure, or function. One of these genes, , which encodes the shelterin protein TPP1, is associated with both autosomal dominantly and autosomal recessively inherited telomere biology disorders. TPP1 recruits telomerase to telomeres and stimulates telomerase processivity. Several studies probing the effect of various synthetic or patient-derived variants have mapped specific residues and regions of TPP1 that are important for interaction with TERT, the catalytic component of telomerase. However, these studies have come to differing conclusions regarding haploinsufficiency. Here, we report a proband with compound heterozygous novel variants in (NM_001082486.1)-c.505_507delGAG, p.(Glu169del); and c.619delG, p.(Asp207Thrfs22)-and a second proband with a heterozygous chromosomal deletion encompassing : arr[hg19] 16q22.1(67,628,846-67,813,408)x1. Clinical data, including symptoms and telomere length within the pedigrees, suggested that loss of one allele was insufficient to induce telomere shortening or confer clinical features. Further analyses of lymphoblastoid cell lines showed decreased nascent RNA and steady-state mRNA, but normal TPP1 protein levels, in cells containing heterozygous c.619delG, p.(Asp207Thrfs22), or the -encompassing chromosomal deletion compared to controls. Based on our results, we conclude that cells are able to compensate for loss of one allele by activating a mechanism to maintain TPP1 protein levels, thus maintaining normal telomere length.
端粒生物学障碍主要表现为端粒长度低于年龄第一百分位数,其由与端粒复制、结构或功能相关的基因变异引起。这些基因之一,编码 shelterin 蛋白 TPP1 的 基因,与常染色体显性和常染色体隐性遗传的端粒生物学障碍均有关联。TPP1 将端粒酶募集到端粒,并刺激端粒酶的进程。几项研究探测了各种合成或患者来源的变异体的影响,定位了 TPP1 与端粒酶的催化成分 TERT 相互作用的特定残基和区域。然而,这些研究对于 TPP1 的杂合功能不全有不同的结论。在这里,我们报道了一例复合杂合性新型 基因变异的先证者(NM_001082486.1)-c.505_507delGAG,p.(Glu169del);和 c.619delG,p.(Asp207Thrfs22)-以及另一位先证者,携带一条包含 的杂合性染色体缺失:arr[hg19]16q22.1(67,628,846-67,813,408)x1。包括症状和家系内端粒长度在内的临床数据表明,丢失一个 等位基因不足以诱导端粒缩短或赋予临床特征。对淋巴母细胞系的进一步分析表明,与对照相比,含有杂合性 c.619delG,p.(Asp207Thrfs22)或包含 的染色体缺失的细胞中,新生的 RNA 和稳定状态的 mRNA 减少,但 TPP1 蛋白水平正常。根据我们的结果,我们得出结论,细胞能够通过激活一种维持 TPP1 蛋白水平的机制来补偿一个 等位基因的丢失,从而维持正常的端粒长度。