黑色素瘤肿瘤综合征的新见解

Rashid Sarem, Gupta Sameer, McCormick Shelley R, Tsao Hensin

Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

JID Innov. 2022 Sep 2;2(6):100152. doi: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2022.100152. eCollection 2022 Nov.

Melanoma tumor syndromes (MTS) represent an important minority of familial melanoma cases. In these patients, the accumulation of sequence alterations in essential genes may prelude the risk of internal malignancies, in addition to melanoma. Although several host and environmental factors have been implicated in familial melanoma, the exact mechanisms of cancer predisposition-particularly in the context of mixed cancer syndromes-still remain unclear. In this paper, we review new insights into MTS and elucidate recent efforts that guide individualized prognostication and treatment for these diseases in the past quarter century.

黑色素瘤肿瘤综合征（MTS）占家族性黑色素瘤病例的重要一部分。在这些患者中，除黑色素瘤外，关键基因序列改变的积累可能预示着发生内部恶性肿瘤的风险。尽管一些宿主和环境因素与家族性黑色素瘤有关，但癌症易感性的确切机制——尤其是在混合癌症综合征的背景下——仍不清楚。在本文中，我们回顾了对MTS的新见解，并阐明了过去四分之一个世纪中指导这些疾病个体化预后和治疗的最新努力。