Hubei Academy of Forestry, Wuhan, 430075, People's Republic of China.
College of Life Sciences and Hubei Key Lab of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 14;11(1):1450. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81227-2.
Abiotic stress factors can significantly affect insects. In particular, the stressful effects of exposure to ultrasound on insects are considered important. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ultrasound on the important global pest Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), which is the main vector of the pinewood nematode. We exposed M. alternatus adults (aged 1 day, 3 days, and 5 days) to ultrasound at different frequencies (using two ultrasonic devices, i.e., LHC20 with a mixture of frequencies at 35 kHz, 70 kHz, and 105 kHz; and GFG-8016G at two separate frequencies of 30 kHz and 60 kHz) for different periods of time (1 h, 12 h, and 24 h), before evaluating the juvenile hormone III (JHIII) titers. All of the ultrasound treatments significantly decreased the JHIII titers in M. alternatus adults. The decreases in the JHIII titers due to ultrasound exposure did not differ according to sex, but the effects on beetles of different ages differed significantly depending on the duration of exposure. The decreases in the JHIII titers were highest in male and female beetles after exposure to ultrasound for 12 h. Following exposure to ultrasound for any time period, the decreases in the JHIII titers were lower in adults aged 3 days than those aged 1 day and 5 days. The different ultrasonic frequencies led to variable decreases in the JHIII titers in M. alternatus adults, where the greatest decreases occurred in beetles exposed to ultrasound at 60 kHz. Our results indicate that ultrasound can negatively affect the normal JHIII levels and it may further disrupt sexual maturation by M. alternatus adults.
非生物胁迫因素会对昆虫产生显著影响。特别是，昆虫暴露于超声下的应激效应被认为是重要的。在本研究中，我们研究了超声对重要的全球害虫松墨天牛（鞘翅目：天牛科）的影响，松墨天牛是松材线虫的主要传播媒介。我们将 1 日龄、3 日龄和 5 日龄的成虫暴露于不同频率的超声下（使用两种超声设备，即 LHC20 混合频率 35 kHz、70 kHz 和 105 kHz；以及 GFG-8016G 两个单独的频率 30 kHz 和 60 kHz）不同的时间（1 h、12 h 和 24 h），然后评估保幼激素 III（JHIII）滴度。所有超声处理均显著降低了松墨天牛成虫的 JHIII 滴度。超声暴露导致 JHIII 滴度降低的情况不因性别而异，但对不同年龄的甲虫的影响则因暴露时间的长短而有显著差异。在暴露于超声 12 h 后，雌雄甲虫的 JHIII 滴度下降最为显著。在任何暴露时间后，3 日龄成虫的 JHIII 滴度下降均低于 1 日龄和 5 日龄成虫。不同的超声频率导致松墨天牛成虫的 JHIII 滴度发生不同程度的降低，其中暴露于 60 kHz 超声下的甲虫的 JHIII 滴度下降最大。我们的结果表明，超声可能会对松墨天牛成虫的正常 JHIII 水平产生负面影响，并可能进一步破坏其性成熟。
