Duner Pontus, Salehi Albert
Department of Clinical Science, SUS, Experimental Cardiovascular research, University of Lund, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Science, Division of Islet Cell Physiology, University of Lund, Sweden.
J Clin Med Res. 2020 Dec;12(12):758-772. doi: 10.14740/jocmr4383. Epub 2020 Dec 18.
The dreadful fear of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with the deadly consequences, requires rapid development of pharmacological cures. The objective of this review is to speculate about possible pharmacological options, already available today to prevent or treat the COVID-19 in the early stage of its outbreak. A literature search across PubMed and internet was conducted. A number of studies dealing with COVID-19 were identified. The data elucidated that increased pro-inflammatory and decreased anti-inflammatory cytokines in combination with hypoxia, thromboembolism and pneumonia are involved in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although many drugs has been tested in monotherapy regimen with varying outcome or without desirable effect, there is still hope for better results by simultaneously targeting the virus itself and its symptoms. Theoretically, a mixture of at least two available antiviral drugs in combination with other anti-pathogenic and immune system-enhancing drugs or combination of antiviral drugs with convalescent plasma seems likely to have much better effect than the monotherapy regimen of either of these drugs.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的一种传染病，其可怕的致死后果使得快速研发药物治疗手段成为当务之急。本综述的目的是推测目前已有的可能用于在COVID-19疫情初期预防或治疗该疾病的药物选择。我们在PubMed和互联网上进行了文献检索，确定了一些关于COVID-19的研究。数据表明，促炎细胞因子增加和抗炎细胞因子减少，再加上缺氧、血栓栓塞和肺炎，参与了SARS-CoV-2感染的发病机制。尽管许多药物已在单一疗法中进行了测试，结果各异或未达到预期效果，但通过同时针对病毒本身及其症状，仍有望获得更好的结果。理论上，至少两种现有抗病毒药物与其他抗病原体和增强免疫系统的药物联合使用，或抗病毒药物与康复期血浆联合使用，似乎比这些药物中的任何一种单一疗法都可能产生更好的效果。
