Department of Psychology, Auburn University at Montgomery, 210I Goodwyn Hall, Montgomery, AL, 36124, USA.
Lingnan (University) College, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
J Relig Health. 2021 Dec;60(6):4451-4466. doi: 10.1007/s10943-020-01159-5. Epub 2021 Jan 15.
A proliferation of empirical studies over the past few decades has examined the connection between religiosity and health; an extension of this literature has focused on the association between three styles of religious problem-solving-collaborative, self-directing and deferring-and psychological adjustment. Few studies, however, have examined variables that may mediate this association. The present study utilized a cross-sectional design to examine the pathways (means to attain goals) and agency (goal-directed energy and determination) components of hope as mediators in the association between religious problem-solving styles and psychosocial adjustment. Students (n = 91) at a midsize Southeastern university completed a demographic questionnaire, the Religious Problem-solving Styles Scale, Adult Hope Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale. Mediation analyses revealed that both the collaborative and deferring religious problem-solving styles were positively associated with life satisfaction through agency thinking, but the self-directing religious problem-solving style was negatively associated with life satisfaction through agency thinking. Contrary to expectations, there was no significant indirect effect of any of the religious problem-solving styles on life satisfaction via pathways thinking. These results suggest that approaching problems within a specific religious framework is associated with psychosocial adjustment, and that each religious problem-solving style may exert its effects by either amplifying or quelling goal-directed motivation and willpower. Future studies should utilize quasi-experimental designs in order to delineate cause-and-effect relationships among religious problem-solving styles, agency and pathways thinking, and psychosocial adjustment.
过去几十年间，大量实证研究检验了宗教信仰与健康之间的关系；该领域的研究还进一步集中于三种宗教应对方式（协作式、自主式和顺从式）与心理调节之间的关联。然而，鲜有研究探讨可能在其中起中介作用的变量。本研究采用横断设计，考察希望的路径（实现目标的手段）和能动性（目标导向的能量和决心）成分，以检验宗教应对方式与心理社会适应之间的关联中的中介作用。位于美国东南部的一所中型大学的 91 名学生完成了人口统计学问卷、宗教应对方式量表、成人希望量表和生活满意度量表。中介分析表明，协作式和顺从式宗教应对方式均通过能动性思维与生活满意度呈正相关，而自主式宗教应对方式通过能动性思维与生活满意度呈负相关。与预期相反，宗教应对方式中的任何一种均未通过路径思维对生活满意度产生显著的间接影响。这些结果表明，在特定宗教框架内解决问题与心理社会适应相关，并且每种宗教应对方式可能通过增强或抑制目标导向的动机和意志力来发挥其作用。未来的研究应采用准实验设计，以阐明宗教应对方式、能动性和路径思维与心理社会适应之间的因果关系。
