Bai Zhengyang, Adams Charles S, Huang Guoxiang, Li Weibin
State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
School of Physics and Astronomy, and Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-equilibrium Systems, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
Phys Rev Lett. 2020 Dec 31;125(26):263605. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.263605.
We study dispersive optical nonlinearities of short pulses propagating in high number density, warm atomic vapors where the laser resonantly excites atoms to Rydberg P states via a single-photon transition. Three different regimes of the light-atom interaction, dominated by either Doppler broadening, Rydberg atom interactions, or decay due to thermal collisions between ground state and Rydberg atoms, are found. We show that using fast Rabi flopping and strong Rydberg atom interactions, both in the order of gigahertz, can overcome the Doppler effect as well as collisional decay, leading to a sizable dispersive optical nonlinearity on nanosecond timescales. In this regime, self-induced transparency (SIT) emerges when areas of the nanosecond pulse are determined primarily by the Rydberg atom interaction, rather than the area theorem of interaction-free SIT. We identify, both numerically and analytically, the condition to realize Rydberg SIT. Our study contributes to efforts in achieving quantum information processing using glass cell technologies.
我们研究了在高密度、热原子蒸气中传播的短脉冲的色散光学非线性，其中激光通过单光子跃迁将原子共振激发到里德堡P态。发现了三种不同的光-原子相互作用机制，分别由多普勒展宽、里德堡原子相互作用或基态与里德堡原子之间的热碰撞引起的衰变主导。我们表明，利用千兆赫兹量级的快速拉比振荡和强里德堡原子相互作用，可以克服多普勒效应以及碰撞衰变，在纳秒时间尺度上产生可观的色散光学非线性。在这种机制下，当纳秒脉冲的面积主要由里德堡原子相互作用决定时，而不是由无相互作用自感应透明的面积定理决定时，自感应透明（SIT）就会出现。我们通过数值和解析方法确定了实现里德堡SIT的条件。我们的研究有助于利用玻璃池技术实现量子信息处理的努力。
