Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Montefiore Medical Center, 3332 Rochambeau Ave, 3rd Floor, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA.
J Adolesc. 2021 Feb;87:15-27. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.12.010. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
Cancer may cause significant disruptions in normal adolescent development particularly in social domains. Both treatment and survivorship pose challenges to fostering social connections. To better understand these challenges, we conducted a systematic literature review of the experience of social isolation and connectedness in adolescents with cancer and adolescent survivors of childhood cancer.
A systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted following PRISMA Guidelines. Eligible articles included original peer-reviewed research published in English between January 2000 and April 2020 that reported on social domains of patients and survivors of cancer between the ages of 10-21. Initial database search identified 4606 articles with 43 studies meeting inclusion criteria.
Results were synthesized into four domains: (1) the prevalence of connectedness/isolation; (2) risk factors associated with social isolation; (3) protective factors against social isolation; (4) the impact of social isolation on psychological health. Overall, adolescent patients and survivors of cancer have satisfactory social connectedness. However, certain subgroups including those with central nervous system tumors are at higher risk of social isolation.
In general, adolescent cancer patients and survivors report levels of social connectedness consistent with healthy adolescent population norms. The risk and protective factors identified in this review may help serve as important indicators for psychosocial screening and interventions. These findings are particularly relevant in the COVID-19 era as all adolescents face challenges to social connections and psychosocial development.
癌症可能会严重干扰青少年的正常发育，尤其是在社交领域。治疗和生存都会对社交关系的维系造成挑战。为了更好地理解这些挑战，我们对癌症青少年患者和儿童癌症幸存者的社交孤立和联系体验进行了系统的文献回顾。
按照 PRISMA 指南进行了系统的文献回顾。符合条件的文章包括 2000 年 1 月至 2020 年 4 月期间以英文发表的、针对年龄在 10-21 岁之间的癌症患者和幸存者的社交领域的原创同行评审研究。初步数据库搜索确定了 4606 篇文章，其中 43 项研究符合纳入标准。
结果综合为四个领域：（1）联系/隔离的普遍性；（2）与社交孤立相关的风险因素；（3）预防社交孤立的保护因素；（4）社交孤立对心理健康的影响。总体而言，青少年癌症患者和幸存者的社交联系较为满意。然而，某些亚组，包括中枢神经系统肿瘤患者，面临更高的社交孤立风险。
一般来说，青少年癌症患者和幸存者报告的社交联系水平与健康青少年人群的规范一致。本综述中确定的风险和保护因素可以作为心理社会筛查和干预的重要指标。这些发现在 COVID-19 时代尤其重要，因为所有青少年都面临着社交联系和心理社会发展的挑战。
