Anisfeld Moshe, Turkewitz Gerald, Rose Susan A, Rosenberg Faigi R, Sheiber Faith J, Couturier-Fagan Deborah A, Ger Joseph S, Sommer Iris
Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology and Albert Einstein College of Medicine Yeshiva University.
Hunter College of the City University of New York Albert Einstein College of Medicine Yeshiva University.
Infancy. 2001 Jan;2(1):111-122. doi: 10.1207/S15327078IN0201_7. Epub 2001 Jan 1.
Newborns (N = 83) were presented with 3 conditions, each for 160 sec: tongue protrusion (TP), mouth opening (MO), and control (CO). In TP and MO, a female model alternated between demonstrating the gesture for 20 sec and presenting a passive, motionless face for 20 sec. In CO, she presented a passive face in both the "demonstration" and "passive" intervals. The participants' eyes were more widely open in the demonstration intervals of TP and MO than in the passive intervals, indicating that they were attending to the gestures. In TP, the participants produced more TP responses than MO responses, but in MO there was no effect, undermining the neonatal imitation hypothesis.
83名新生儿接受了3种条件的测试，每种条件持续160秒：伸舌（TP）、张嘴（MO）和对照（CO）。在TP和MO条件下，一名女性模型在展示该手势20秒和呈现被动、静止的面部20秒之间交替。在CO条件下，她在“展示”和“被动”间隔期间都呈现被动的面部。与被动间隔相比，参与者在TP和MO的展示间隔期间眼睛睁得更开，这表明他们在关注这些手势。在TP条件下，参与者产生的TP反应比MO反应更多，但在MO条件下没有效果，这削弱了新生儿模仿假说。
