VRIDDHI, IPE Global Ltd., New Delhi, India.
Norway India Partnership Initiative, New Delhi, India.
Indian Pediatr. 2021 Apr 15;58(4):345-348. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
Malnutrition in all its forms remains a serious global concern, particularly affecting children, a highly vulnerable population group. Home visits during the first year of life using the community worker platform is an unexplored opportunity for making improvements in nutritional status.
To analyze the nutritional status (weight for age) of a cohort of infants between 3 and 12 months of age.
Tracking weight for age of infants by ASHA workers.
13 districts in the states of Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha and Rajasthan.
Home visits under a home-based newborn care program, home-based newborn care plus (HBNC+).
Norway India Partnership Initiative (NIPI) project supported implementation of HBNC+, in 13 districts across four states in India. A descriptive analysis of infants based on retrospective record based program data was done. The nutritional status (weight-for-age) of the cohort was analyzed. Categories were defined based on the z-scores of weight for age (≤-3 SD; ≤-2 SD and > -3 SD; and > -2 SD). Trend of malnutrition and proportions of children in each category at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months were assessed.
At 3 months of age, out of 3,50,986 infants provided home visits, 1,82,049 (51.97%) were underweight as per WHO definition with weight for age z-score ≤- 2 SD; this reduced to 11.1% at 12 months of age. Difference of means at 3 months and 12 months significantly different for weight for age z-score (P<0.001). There was a decline in the proportion of children in severe and moderate malnutrition categories by 15% and 26%, respectively.
Catch-up growth in terms of weight-for-age among malnourished children is possible within one year of age. Frequent contacts with the health care functionaries may result in this improvement, though it is difficult to conclude in the absence of an appropriate control.
各种形式的营养不良仍然是一个严重的全球问题，特别是影响到儿童这一高度脆弱的人群。在生命的第一年使用社区工作者平台进行家访，是改善营养状况的一个尚未开发的机会。
分析一组 3 至 12 个月大婴儿的营养状况（体重与年龄的关系）。
ASHA 工作人员跟踪婴儿的体重与年龄的关系。
比哈尔邦、中央邦、奥里萨邦和拉贾斯坦邦的 13 个区。
在家中进行基于新生儿护理方案的家访，即家庭为基础的新生儿护理加（HBNC+）。
挪威印度伙伴关系倡议（NIPI）项目支持在印度四个邦的 13 个区实施 HBNC+。对基于回顾性记录的方案数据的婴儿进行描述性分析。分析了队列的营养状况（体重与年龄的关系）。根据体重与年龄的 z 分数（≤-3 SD；≤-2 SD 和＞-3 SD；和＞-2 SD）定义类别。评估了 3、6、9 和 12 个月时营养不良的趋势和每个类别的儿童比例。
在提供家访的 350986 名婴儿中，有 182049 名（51.97%）根据世卫组织的定义体重不足，体重与年龄的 z 分数≤-2 SD；到 12 个月时，这一比例降至 11.1%。3 个月和 12 个月时体重与年龄的 z 分数的均值差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。严重和中度营养不良类别的儿童比例分别下降了 15%和 26%。
在 1 年内，营养不良儿童的体重与年龄的追赶性增长是可能的。与卫生保健人员的频繁接触可能会导致这种改善，尽管由于缺乏适当的对照，很难得出结论。
