美国的心理困扰、预期寿命和全因死亡率：来自 1997-2014 年 NHIS-NDI 记录链接研究的结果。

Psychological distress, life expectancy, and all-cause mortality in the United States: results from the 1997-2014 NHIS-NDI record linkage study.

机构信息

Health Resources and Services Administration, Office of Health Equity, Rockville, MD; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN.

US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration Office of Health Equity, 5600 Fishers Lane, Room 13N42, Rockville, MD.

出版信息

Ann Epidemiol. 2021 Apr;56:9-17. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.01.002. Epub 2021 Jan 13.

DOI:10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.01.002

PMID:33453384

Abstract

PURPOSE

Previous research has shown a significant association between psychological distress (PD) and all-cause mortality. However, this association is not fully explored, and life expectancy by PD is unknown.

METHODS

We used the pooled 1997-2014 data from the National Health Interview Survey linked to National Death Index (n = 513,081) to examine the association of the Kessler 6-item PD scale with life expectancy and all-cause mortality. Life expectancy by PD was computed using the standard life table method. Cox regression was used to model survival time as a function of PD and sociodemographic, behavioral, and health characteristics.

RESULTS

The age-adjusted mortality rate for adults with serious PD (SPD) was 2632 deaths per 100,000 person-years, compared with 1428 for those without PD. Life expectancy was inversely related to PD. At age 18, those with SPD had a life expectancy of 45.0 years, compared with 55.6 years for those without PD. The age-adjusted relative risk of all-cause mortality was 125% higher for adults with SPD (hazard ratio = 2.25; 95% confidence interval = 2.14, 2.37) than those without PD. Mortality risk associated with SPD remained (hazard ratio = 1.14; 95% confidence interval = 1.08, 1.20) after covariate adjustment.

CONCLUSIONS

U.S. adults with SPD had significantly higher mortality risk and lower life expectancy.

摘要

目的

先前的研究表明，心理困扰（PD）与全因死亡率之间存在显著关联。然而，这种关联尚未得到充分探讨，PD 患者的预期寿命也不得而知。

方法

我们使用了 1997 年至 2014 年全国健康访谈调查（National Health Interview Survey）的汇总数据，并与国家死亡指数（National Death Index）进行了链接（n=513081），以研究 Kessler 6 项 PD 量表与预期寿命和全因死亡率之间的关系。使用标准生命表法计算 PD 患者的预期寿命。Cox 回归用于构建 PD 和社会人口学、行为及健康特征与生存时间之间的关系模型。

结果

严重 PD（SPD）患者的年龄调整死亡率为每 100000 人年 2632 例死亡，而无 PD 患者的死亡率为每 100000 人年 1428 例。预期寿命与 PD 呈负相关。在 18 岁时，SPD 患者的预期寿命为 45.0 岁，而无 PD 患者的预期寿命为 55.6 岁。年龄调整后，SPD 患者的全因死亡率风险比（hazard ratio）为无 PD 患者的 125%（HR=2.25；95%置信区间为 2.14，2.37）。在调整协变量后，SPD 与死亡率的相关性仍然存在（HR=1.14；95%置信区间为 1.08，1.20）。