Shin H S, Hulbert W C, Biggs D F
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Blood Vessels. 1988;25(2):63-74.
We isolated the elastic network from the bifurcation region of guinea pig carotid arteries by treatment with hot alkali and examined its adventitial and adluminal components by SEM. The thickness of networks from common and external carotid arteries averaged 87.5 microns (+/- 6.9 SD) and from the carotid sinus averaged 46.8 microns (+/- 2.4 SD). The networks consisted of a mesh of elastic tissue that became a continuous sheet, 2 microns thick, which formed the internal elastic lamina (IEL). The IEL was fenestrated; the perforations varied in number among the vessels (occipital greater than carotid sinus greater than common = external carotid), and some were spanned by delicate elastic fibers. The IEL's adluminal surface was a smooth membranous sheet, which in some specimens bore unidirectional loose fibers, or was composed of tightly fused bundles of uni- or multidirectional fibers. The interior region of the cranial carotid sinus contained unique blister-like structures and dense clusters of fenestrations, together with a honeycomb-like mesh near the ascending pharyngeal artery. The outer, adventitial elastic layer consisted of a network of loose elastic fibers that were fused with the inner layers. We conclude that the structural differences noted among the common and external carotid arteries and carotid sinus are related to the sinus's unique pressure-sensing functions.
我们通过热碱处理从豚鼠颈动脉分叉区域分离出弹性网络，并通过扫描电子显微镜检查其外膜和管腔内膜成分。颈总动脉和颈外动脉的弹性网络厚度平均为87.5微米（±6.9标准差），颈动脉窦的弹性网络厚度平均为46.8微米（±2.4标准差）。这些网络由弹性组织网组成，形成了一个连续的薄片，厚度为2微米，构成了内弹性膜（IEL）。内弹性膜有窗孔；不同血管的窗孔数量不同（枕动脉大于颈动脉窦大于颈总动脉 = 颈外动脉），一些窗孔由纤细的弹性纤维横跨。内弹性膜的管腔内膜表面是一个光滑的膜状薄片，在一些标本中带有单向松散纤维，或由紧密融合的单向或多向纤维束组成。颅侧颈动脉窦的内部区域包含独特的水泡样结构和密集的窗孔簇，以及靠近咽升动脉处的蜂窝状网。外部的外膜弹性层由与内层融合的松散弹性纤维网络组成。我们得出结论，颈总动脉、颈外动脉和颈动脉窦之间的结构差异与窦独特的压力传感功能有关。
