ZHYTOMYR IVAN FRANKO STATE UNIVERSITY, ZHYTOMYR, UKRAINE.
KHARKIV NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, KHARKIV, UKRAINE.
Wiad Lek. 2020;73(11):2386-2395.
The aim: Is to investigate the bad habits of the students of higher education institutions and their impact on health.
Materials and methods: The research of the students' bad habits was conducted at Polissia National University and Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University in 2014-2019. 647 students of different specialties between the ages of 17 and 23 were interviewed. The research methods included theoretical methods (the analysis and generalization of literary sources, the evaluation of the quality of students' performance in classes, the study and analysis of the medical records of students); empirical methods (pedagogical observations, questionnaires, surveys); the methods of mathematical statistics.
Results: The study found that 32.4 % of male students and 14.9 % of female students smoke. It was defined that male students of the special education department smoke the most - 37.7 %; 32.5 % and 27.1 % of the male students of the main and sports departments smoke respectively. Among female students, 18.4 % of the students of the sports department, 14.6 % - of the main department and 13.4 % - of the special department smoke. The study determined that 2.7 % of both male and female students of the first year of study drink alcohol almost every day, 3.7 % - 2-3 times a week, 18.2 % - once a week, 66.0 % - only on holidays. Besides, the research indicated that some students use drugs. It was found that the students know that smoking, alcohol, and drugs are harmful but cannot or do not want to get rid of these bad habits.
Conclusions: The study established that the environment of students is unfavorable for the activation of the healthy lifestyle components; it contributes to the spread of bad habits, the consequences of which students do not realize fully. Many students do not have a need to take care of their own health.
调查高等院校学生的不良习惯及其对健康的影响。
本研究于 2014 年至 2019 年在波利西亚国立大学和日托米尔伊万·弗兰科国立大学进行，共对 647 名年龄在 17 至 23 岁之间、不同专业的学生进行了不良习惯调查。研究方法包括理论方法（文献分析与综合、学生课堂表现质量评估、学生病历研究与分析）、实证方法（教学观察、问卷调查、调查）和数理统计方法。
研究发现，32.4%的男学生和 14.9%的女学生吸烟。特殊教育专业的男学生吸烟最严重，比例为 37.7%；主修和体育专业的男学生分别有 32.5%和 27.1%吸烟。在女学生中，体育专业有 18.4%的学生吸烟，主修专业有 14.6%，特殊教育专业有 13.4%。研究表明，1 年级学生中，男女学生几乎每天都饮酒的比例为 2.7%，每周 2-3 次的比例为 3.7%，每周 1 次的比例为 18.2%，只有节假日饮酒的比例为 66.0%。此外，研究表明一些学生使用毒品。研究发现，学生知道吸烟、饮酒和吸毒有害，但无法或不愿戒除这些不良习惯。
研究表明，学生所处环境不利于促进健康生活方式的形成，反而助长了不良习惯的传播，学生对这些习惯的后果认识不足。许多学生没有照顾自己健康的需求。
