Michalski Emil, Ostrowska Monika, Gietka Piotr, Sudoł-Szopińska Iwona
Department of Radiology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology, and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland.
Developmental Age Rheumatology Clinic and Polyclinic, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology, and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland.
Reumatologia. 2020;58(6):416-423. doi: 10.5114/reum.2020.102007. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an umbrella term for a group of diseases in children younger than 16 years old lasting six weeks or longer. Synovitis may lead to destructive and irreversible joint changes with subsequent functional impairment. Prompt diagnosis is essential to prevent permanent joint damage and preserve joint functionality. In the course of JIA both the axial and peripheral skeleton may be involved in the inflammatory process, but the knee joint is most frequently affected. New drugs and treatment protocols have forced the need for diagnosis at the earliest possible stage. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows early detection of lesions and constitutes a superior diagnostic imaging method. Synovitis, tenosynovitis, enthesitis, bursitis, osteitis, cartilage loss, bone cysts, and erosions are lesions diagnosed in JIA, and they can be precisely imaged in MRI. This article aims to present MRI inflammatory features of the knee in children with JIA based on the literature.
幼年特发性关节炎（JIA）是一个统称，指16岁以下儿童中持续六周或更长时间的一组疾病。滑膜炎可能导致破坏性且不可逆的关节改变，继而造成功能损害。及时诊断对于预防永久性关节损伤和保持关节功能至关重要。在JIA病程中，轴向和外周骨骼都可能参与炎症过程，但膝关节最常受累。新药物和治疗方案促使需要尽早进行诊断。磁共振成像（MRI）能够早期检测病变，是一种更为优越的诊断成像方法。滑膜炎、腱鞘炎、附着点炎、滑囊炎、骨炎、软骨损伤、骨囊肿和侵蚀是在JIA中诊断出的病变，它们在MRI中能够得到精确成像。本文旨在基于文献介绍JIA患儿膝关节的MRI炎症特征。
