非苯二氮䓬类催眠药的使用与认知结局之间的关联：一项系统评价
Association Between the Use of Non-benzodiazepine Hypnotics and Cognitive Outcomes: A Systematic Review.
作者信息
Kaufmann Christopher N, Moore Alison A, Bondi Mark W, Murphy James D, Malhotra Atul, Hart Laura A
机构信息
Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA.
Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA.
出版信息
Curr Sleep Med Rep. 2020 Mar;6(1):11-20. doi: 10.1007/s40675-020-00163-1. Epub 2020 Jan 28.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Adverse effects of sedative-hypnotic medications on cognition are concerning. Past studies have examined benzodiazepine (BZD) use and cognitive outcomes; however, few studies have examined newer non-BZD hypnotic agents (nBHs; e.g. zolpidem). This systematic review examined observational studies assessing the association between nBH use and cognitive outcomes.
RECENT FINDINGS
Five studies met eligibility requirements and were included in the review. Most studies did not find an association between nBH use and dementia diagnosis; however, we found no studies assessing other cognitive outcomes such as cognitive performance (e.g., word recall tasks). Characterization of nBH use mostly consisted of incident new use; one study assessed nBH dosing; none examined duration of use. Studies included were of strong quality.
SUMMARY
This review found no association between nBH use and dementia diagnosis, although there is a need for more research on more cognitive outcomes and nBH use patterns.
综述目的
镇静催眠药物对认知的不良影响令人担忧。过去的研究已经考察了苯二氮䓬类药物（BZD）的使用与认知结果；然而，很少有研究考察新型非苯二氮䓬类催眠药物（nBHs；如唑吡坦）。本系统综述考察了评估nBHs使用与认知结果之间关联的观察性研究。
最新发现
五项研究符合纳入标准并被纳入综述。大多数研究未发现nBHs使用与痴呆诊断之间存在关联；然而，我们未发现评估其他认知结果（如认知表现，例如单词回忆任务）的研究。nBHs使用的特征描述大多包括首次新使用；一项研究评估了nBHs的剂量；没有研究考察使用持续时间。纳入的研究质量较高。
总结
本综述未发现nBHs使用与痴呆诊断之间存在关联，尽管需要对更多认知结果和nBHs使用模式开展更多研究。
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